Effect of energy drink intake before exercise on indices of physical performance in untrained females

Al-Fares, Maiadah N.; Alsunni, Ahmed A; Majeed, Farrukh; Badar, Ahmed

doi:10.15537/smj.2015.5.11141

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…On the other hand, a study where an association between ED consumption and mental problems was investigated presented that young people who ingested EDs and were engaged in physical activity reported less symptoms of depression [ 75 ]. Similar findings were observed in previously mentioned studies where none of subjects experienced any mental side effect [ 53 , 57 , 58 ].…”

Section: Alarming Effects Associated With Energy Drink Consumptionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Effects of Energy Drink Consumption on Physical Performance and Potential Danger of Inordinate Usage

et al. 2021

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The rise in energy drink (ED) intake in the general population and athletes has been achieved with smart and effective marketing strategies. There is a robust base of evidence showing that adolescents are the main consumers of EDs. The prevalence of ED usage in this group ranges from 52% to 68%, whilst in adults is estimated at 32%. The compositions of EDs vary widely. Caffeine content can range from 75 to 240 mg, whereas the average taurine quantity is 342.28 mg/100 mL. Unfortunately, exact amounts of the other ED elements are often not disclosed by manufacturers. Caffeine and taurine in doses 3–6 mg/kg and 1–6 g, respectively, appear to be the main ergogenic elements. However, additive or synergic properties between them seem to be implausible. Because of non-unified protocol design, presented studies show inconsistency between ED ingestion and improved physical performance. Potential side effects caused by abusive consumption or missed contraindications are the aspects that are the most often overlooked by consumers and not fully elucidated by ED producers. In this review, the authors aimed to present the latest scientific information on ED components and their possible impact on improving physical performance as well as to bring emphasis to the danger of inordinate consumption.

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Section: Alarming Effects Associated With Energy Drink Consumptionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Al-Fares et al [ 58 ] conducted a single-blinded, crossover study on 32 healthy untrained female students who consumed either an ED or a placebo in two trials. During each session, time to exhaustion and VO2max were measured on a treadmill.…”

Section: Energy Drinks In Sport Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Energy Drink Consumption on Physical Performance and Potential Danger of Inordinate Usage

et al. 2021

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“…Monster Energy® − 2 oz. 5-h ENERGY® ⬌ RPE on Treadmill at 70% VO 2 max ⬌ Oxygen Consumption at 70% VO 2 max Al-Fares et al 2015 [ 90 ] Healthy female students ( n = 32) -Energy drink with 160 mg caffeine -Placebo with similar CHO content ⬌ VO 2 max −2.0 g taurine, 1.2 g glucuronolactone, 54 g carbohydrate, 40 mg niacin, 10 mg pantothenic acid, 10 mg vitamin B6, and 10 μg vitamin B12 Prins et al 2016 [ 91 ] Recreation endurance male ( n = 13) and female ( n = 5) runners -Energy drink with 160 mg caffeine -Placebo *↑ 5 k Time Trial −2.0 g taurine, 1.2 g glucuronolactone, 54 g carbohydrate, 40 mg niacin, 10 mg pantothenic acid, 10 mg vitamin B6, and 10 microg vitamin B12 Kinsinger et al 2016 [ 92 ] Recreational male athletes ( n = 23) −1.93 oz Energy shot with 100 mg caffeine − 1.93 oz. Placebo ⬌ RPE on Treadmill VO 2 max Test ⬌ Treadmill VO 2 max -1870 mg (taurine, glucuronic acid, malic acid, N-acetyl L-tyrosine, L-phenylalanine and citicoline) Resistance/Sprint Performance Forbes et al 2007 [ 93 ] Young men ( n = 11) and women ( n = 40 -Energy drink with 2 mg/kg caffeine -Non-caffeinated version of energy drink *↑ Bench-Press Repetitions by 6% Del Coso et al 2012 [ 94 ] Healthy men ( n = 9) and women ( n = 3) -Energy drink with 1 mg/kg caffeine -Energy drink with 3 mg/kg caffeine -Non-caffeinated version of energy drink *↑ Half-Squat Maximal Power by 7% *↑ Bench-Press Maximal Power by 7% Gonzalez et al 2011 [ 95 ] Resistance-trained college males ( n = 8) −26 g Pre-workout with unknown amount of caffeine (ingredients listed in column 5) -Placebo *↑ # of Bench-Press and Squat Repetitions at 80% 1RM by 11.8% *↑ Average Power Output for the Workout -2.05 g taurine, caffeine, and gluconolactone, 7.9 g L-leucine, L-isoleucine, L-valine, L-arginine and L-glutamine, 5 g of di-creatine citrate, and 2.5 g of βal...…”

Section: Interindividual Variation In Response To Caffeinementioning

confidence: 99%

International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and exercise performance

Guest

VanDusseldorp

Nelson

et al. 2021

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

245

246

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Following critical evaluation of the available literature to date, The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) position regarding caffeine intake is as follows: Supplementation with caffeine has been shown to acutely enhance various aspects of exercise performance in many but not all studies. Small to moderate benefits of caffeine use include, but are not limited to: muscular endurance, movement velocity and muscular strength, sprinting, jumping, and throwing performance, as well as a wide range of aerobic and anaerobic sport-specific actions. Aerobic endurance appears to be the form of exercise with the most consistent moderate-to-large benefits from caffeine use, although the magnitude of its effects differs between individuals. Caffeine has consistently been shown to improve exercise performance when consumed in doses of 3–6 mg/kg body mass. Minimal effective doses of caffeine currently remain unclear but they may be as low as 2 mg/kg body mass. Very high doses of caffeine (e.g. 9 mg/kg) are associated with a high incidence of side-effects and do not seem to be required to elicit an ergogenic effect. The most commonly used timing of caffeine supplementation is 60 min pre-exercise. Optimal timing of caffeine ingestion likely depends on the source of caffeine. For example, as compared to caffeine capsules, caffeine chewing gums may require a shorter waiting time from consumption to the start of the exercise session. Caffeine appears to improve physical performance in both trained and untrained individuals. Inter-individual differences in sport and exercise performance as well as adverse effects on sleep or feelings of anxiety following caffeine ingestion may be attributed to genetic variation associated with caffeine metabolism, and physical and psychological response. Other factors such as habitual caffeine intake also may play a role in between-individual response variation. Caffeine has been shown to be ergogenic for cognitive function, including attention and vigilance, in most individuals. Caffeine may improve cognitive and physical performance in some individuals under conditions of sleep deprivation. The use of caffeine in conjunction with endurance exercise in the heat and at altitude is well supported when dosages range from 3 to 6 mg/kg and 4–6 mg/kg, respectively. Alternative sources of caffeine such as caffeinated chewing gum, mouth rinses, energy gels and chews have been shown to improve performance, primarily in aerobic exercise. Energy drinks and pre-workout supplements containing caffeine have been demonstrated to enhance both anaerobic and aerobic performance.

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“…(50) It is very important to note that although the above-mentioned studies have identified positive effects of energy drinks on exercise performance, other researches have documented no significant effects or detrimental health consequences. Al-fares et al (51) in a single blind placebo controlled study recently evaluated the effects of energy drinks on exercise performance in 32 untrained healthy females. They found that ingestion of energy drinks before exercise did not enhance the indices of physical performance, which included time to exhaustion, maximum oxygen consumption, blood pressure, heart rate, and capillary oxygen saturation.…”

Section: Renal Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Drink Consumption : Beneficial and Adverse Health Effects

Alsunni¹

2015

IJHS

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Consumption of energy drinks has been increasing dramatically in the last two decades, particularly amongst adolescents and young adults. Energy drinks are aggressively marketed with the claim that these products give an energy boost to improve physical and cognitive performance. However, studies supporting these claims are limited. In fact, several adverse health effects have been related to energy drink; this has raised the question of whether these beverages are safe. This review was carried out to identify and discuss the published articles that examined the beneficial and adverse health effects related to energy drink. It is concluded that although energy drink may have beneficial effects on physical performance, these products also have possible detrimental health consequences. Marketing of energy drinks should be limited or forbidden until independent research confirms their safety, particularly among adolescents. Disclosure of benefit:This work was not supported by any drug or commercial company. Manufacturers recently have shifted their consumer focus from athletes to young people. Energy drinks are aggressively marketed in places popular with teens and young adults. Approximately, two thirds of energy drink consumers are 13-35 years old, and boys are two thirds of the market. (4) In the U.S., energy drinks are the second most common dietary supplement used by young people; about 30% consume energy drinks on a regular basis. (5) The popularity of energy drinks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia does not seem to differ from other parts of the world. Around half of the Saudi University students who participated in a survey admitted to regular consumption of energy. (6) Energy drinks are designed to give an "energy boost" to the drinker by a combination of stimulants and energy boosters. The major constituent in most energy drinks is caffeine. They usually contain 80-150 mg of caffeine per 8 ounces, which is equivalent to 5 ounces of coffee or two 12-ounce cans of caffeinated soda. (7) Most of the brands on the market contain large amounts of glucose while some brands offer artificially sweetened versions. Other commonly used constituents are taurine, methylxanthines, vitamin B, ginseng, guarana, yerba mate, acai, maltodextrin, inositol, carnitine, creatine, glucuronolactone, and ginkgo biloba. CorrespondenceCurrently, significant concerns have been raised about the safety of these products. There have been several reports that showed adverse health effects associated with energy drink. Despite this, manufactures of energy drinks claim these products are suitable for consumers

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Effect of energy drink intake before exercise on indices of physical performance in untrained females

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of Energy Drink Consumption on Physical Performance and Potential Danger of Inordinate Usage

Effects of Energy Drink Consumption on Physical Performance and Potential Danger of Inordinate Usage

International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and exercise performance

Energy Drink Consumption : Beneficial and Adverse Health Effects

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