Effect of Emblica officinalis, Phyllanthus amarus and Picrorrhiza kurroa on N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatocarcinogenesis

Potential Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects of Plant Extracts

“…Rossner et al, (1988) observed ascorbic acid to be ineffective in reducing CAs in occupationally exposed workers. It has been reported that ascorbic acid has a non-significant effect on the antioxidant defense system in mice, whereas the crude amla extract do enhance the reduced glutathione contents as well as the activities of glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase, suggesting that the anti-oxidant activity is mainly due to the presence of other compounds present in amla (Jeena et al, 1999;Sharma et al, 2000). Ascorbic acid has also been shown to antagonize the toxic effects of certain metallic salts in mammalian systems as well as (Chakrabarty, 1977).…”

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“…Panax ginseng: Studies suggest that ginseng may lower the risk of cancer in humans 105 . Ginseng inhibits growth of cancer by interfering with the DNA synthesis.…”

“…Panax ginseng contains several active constituents; the main active ingredients in ginseng root are thought to be a family of 6 triterpene saponins called ginsenosides 106 . Other active constituents that may help reduce cancer risk include flavonoids, polysaccharides, and polyacetylenes, essential oils, phytosterols, amino acids, peptides, Vitamins and minerals 105 . Panax ginseng regenerates the natural killer cells, which are damaged by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, stimulate the macrophages and promote production of the antibodies 107 .…”

Protective role ofPhyllanthus niruri against nimesulide induced hepatic damage

“…Although a number of reports described the usefulness of this herb against the adverse effects of various drug and toxicants (18)(19)(20)(21), no studies have been published to date, describing its beneficiary role against nimesulide-induced hepatotoxicity. The anti-inflammatory drug, nimesulide is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, with only residual activity against cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) (22,23).…”