Effect of Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> and Drought on Soil Microbial Communities Associated with <i>Andropogon gerardii</i>

Kassem, Issmat I.; Joshi, Puneet; Sigler, Von; Heckathorn, Scott A.; Wang, Qi

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7909.2008.00752.x

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…It can, therefore, be expected that prolonged summer droughts will decrease priming. However, as plants have better water use efficiency at elevated CO 2 (Field et al, 1995;Ainsworth and Rogers, 2007), drought impacts on microbial activity are in some cases less severe when combined with elevated CO 2 (Kassem et al, 2008). The combined effect of elevated CO 2 and drought on the magnitude of priming is to our knowledge not known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Enhanced priming of old, not new soil carbon at elevated atmospheric CO2

Vestergård

Reinsch

Bengtson

et al. 2016

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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a b s t r a c tRising atmospheric CO 2 concentrations accompanied by global warming and altered precipitation patterns calls for assessment of long-term effects of these global changes on carbon (C) dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems, as changes in net C exchange between soil and atmosphere will impact the atmospheric CO 2 concentration profoundly. In many ecosystems, including the heath/grassland system studied here, increased plant production at elevated CO 2 increase fresh C input from litter and root exudates to the soil and concurrently decrease soil N availability. Supply of labile C to the soil may accelerate the decomposition of soil organic C (SOC), a phenomenon termed 'the priming effect', and the priming effect is most pronounced at low soil N availability. Hence, we hypothesized that priming of SOC decomposition in response to labile C addition would increase in soil exposed to long-term elevated CO 2 exposure. Further, we hypothesized that long-term warming would enhance SOC priming rates, whereas drought would decrease the priming response.We incubated soil from a long-term, full-factorial climate change field experiment, with the factors elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentration, warming and prolonged summer drought with either labile C (sucrose) or water to assess the impact of labile C on SOC dynamics. We used sucrose with a 13 C/ 12 C signature that is distinct from that of the native SOC, which allowed us to assess the contribution of these two C sources to the CO 2 evolved. Sucrose induced priming of SOC, and the priming response was higher in soil exposed to long-term elevated CO 2 treatment. Drought tended to decrease the priming response, whereas long-term warming did not affect the level of priming significantly.We were also able to assess whether SOC-derived primed C in elevated CO 2 soil was assimilated before or after the initiation of the CO 2 treatment 8 years prior to sampling, because CO 2 concentrations were raised by fumigating the experimental plots with pure CO 2 that was 13 C-depleted compared to ambient CO 2 . Surprisingly, we conclude that sucrose addition primed decomposition of relatively old SOC fractions, i.e. SOC assimilated more than 8 years before sampling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Enhanced priming of old, not new soil carbon at elevated atmospheric CO2

Vestergård

Reinsch

Bengtson

et al. 2016

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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“…For example, BassiriRad [21] reviewed effects of elevated CO 2 on root nutrient uptake kinetics, and Taub and Wang [93] reviewed studies relating to the mechanism of CO 2 effects on shoot %N. However, in response to elevated CO 2 , soil microbial biomass and activity have been observed to decrease, increase, or remain unchanged (e.g., [94][95][96]). However, in response to elevated CO 2 , soil microbial biomass and activity have been observed to decrease, increase, or remain unchanged (e.g., [94][95][96]).…”

Section: Heat Stress and Root---soil Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Stress and Roots

Heckathorn

Giri

Mishra

et al. 2013

Climate Change and Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance

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As with above-ground tissues, plant roots can be subjected to stressful high temperatures that can limit whole-plant function and decrease crop productivity. Further, with impending climate change, the frequency, duration, and severity of root heat stress will increase. In comparison to shoot function, especially photosynthesis, much less is known regarding heat stress and roots. Most previous research on roots and heat stress has been conducted on detached roots or by heating only roots or parts of root systems (but not shoots too) in intact herbaceous plants, and most past studies on intact plants have imposed chronic heat stress, with few examining effects of abrupt heat stress (e.g., heat waves). Importantly, plant responses to heat stress often differ in detached roots or when only roots are heated, compared to plants wherein both shoots and roots (or shoots only) are heated, and responses to chronic and abrupt heat stress can differ. Hence, many past results do not inform as to how natural heat stress often impacts roots in intact plants or do not inform as to the effects of heat waves on roots. Both chronic and abrupt heat stress can decrease root growth and function, including nutrient and water uptake, and studies in which both roots and shoots were heat-stressed indicate that roots are often more sensitive to heat stress than shoots. Heat stress may affect roots both directly and indirectly, and indirect effects likely involve decreases in shoot carbon provided to roots or changes in root water relations driven by increased shoot water demand, which then affect root growth and nutrient uptake. Interactive effects between heat stress and other global environmental change factors (e.g., elevated carbon dioxide, drought) on roots are likely. We conclude that further research on roots and heat stress is strongly warranted.

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“…CO 2 concentrations are generally much higher in the pore spaces of soil (2000–3800 μmol mol −1 ) than in the atmosphere, so elevated CO 2 usually influences the richness, composition, and structure of the communities indirectly, such as by increasing plant carbon (C) inputs to the soil and altering soil properties 7 . Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis indicated that CO 2 enrichment had no detectable effects on the composition and structure of the community 8–12 , but usually stimulated soil respiration 11, 13 . Analyses of functional genes indicated that elevated CO 2 decreased the expression of genes involved in the C and N cycles 14, 15 , but Liu et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated CO2 and nitrogen addition have minimal influence on the rhizospheric effects of Bothriochloa ischaemum

Xiao

Liu

Xue

2017

Sci Rep

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The influence of elevated CO2 and nitrogen (N) addition on soil microbial communities and the rhizospheric effects of Bothriochloa ischaemum were investigated. A pot-cultivation experiment was conducted in climate-controlled chambers under two levels of CO2 (400 and 800 μmol mol−1) and three levels of N addition (0, 2.5, and 5 g N m−2 y−1). Soil samples (rhizospheric and bulk soil) were collected for the assessment of soil organic carbon (SOC), total N (TN), total phosphorus (TP), basal respiration (BR), and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) 106 days after treatments were conducted. Elevated CO2 significantly increased total and fungal PLFAs in the rhizosphere when combined with N addition, and N addition significantly increased BR in the rhizosphere and total, bacterial, fungal, Gram-positive (G+), and Gram-negative (G−) PLFAs in both rhizospheric and bulk soil. BR and total, bacterial, G+, and G+/G− PLFAs were significantly higher in rhizospheric than bulk soil, but neither elevated CO2 nor N addition affected the positive rhizospheric effects on bacterial, G+, or G+/G− PLFAs. N addition had a greater effect on soil microbial communities than elevated CO2, and elevated CO2 and N addition had minor contributions to the changes in the magnitude of the rhizospheric effects in B. ischaemum.

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Effect of Elevated CO₂ and Drought on Soil Microbial Communities Associated with Andropogon gerardii

Cited by 24 publications

References 66 publications

Enhanced priming of old, not new soil carbon at elevated atmospheric CO2

Enhanced priming of old, not new soil carbon at elevated atmospheric CO2

Heat Stress and Roots

Elevated CO2 and nitrogen addition have minimal influence on the rhizospheric effects of Bothriochloa ischaemum

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Effect of Elevated CO2 and Drought on Soil Microbial Communities Associated with Andropogon gerardii

Cited by 24 publications

References 66 publications

Enhanced priming of old, not new soil carbon at elevated atmospheric CO2

Enhanced priming of old, not new soil carbon at elevated atmospheric CO2

Heat Stress and Roots

Elevated CO2 and nitrogen addition have minimal influence on the rhizospheric effects of Bothriochloa ischaemum

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Effect of Elevated CO₂ and Drought on Soil Microbial Communities Associated with Andropogon gerardii