Effect of electronic spatial extents (ESE) of ions on overpotential of lithium ion capacitors

Pre-lithiation design and lithium ion intercalation plateaus utilization of mesocarbon microbeads anode for lithium-ion capacitors

“…Therefore, it is particularly of interest to develop an electrochemical energy storage device, which can overcome the conflicts of energy and power density in a single device. Under the circumstances, the hybrid energy storage device lithium-ion capacitor (LIC), which combines the EDLC positive electrode and LIB negative electrode, has emerged and attracted tremendous attention [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Cycle performance of lithium-ion capacitors using graphite negative electrodes at different pre-lithiation levels

“…The coulombic efficiency at a pre-lithiation of 7.5% was not high ($95%) and showed a moderate decrease. The absence of pre-lithiation resulted in the lowest coulombic efficiency (85% in cycles 1-5 and 20% in cycles [20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

“…Over-potential of the AC PE could be a cause of performance deterioration in LIC cells [24]. Aida et al proposed the production of HF at the AC PE when the potential was >4 V vs. Li/Li + [25].…”

The effect of lithium loadings on anode to the voltage drop during charge and discharge of Li-ion capacitors

“…Usually, an Ohmic drop due to the electronic or ionic current flow, and a decrease in the voltage that is used for driving the reactions and the concentration gradients in a test cell [20] result in the IR drop in LICs. Despite numerous papers that have been published on the LICs, very few reports have discussed the effects of anode SLMP loadings on the IR drop of LICs in detail.…”