Effect of electromagnetic arc constriction applied in GTAW-based wire arc additive manufacturing on walls' geometry and microstructure

Antonello, Miguel Guilherme; Bracarense, Alexandre Queiróz; Scheuer, Cristiano; Daudt, Natália de Freitas

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2021.09.015

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…When the tungsten electrode height from the electrode tip to upper surface of workpiece was reduced to 3mm in case j, the average radius was only 2.75mm. For this reason, it may be that when the tungsten electrode height was increased, this low arc energy density was conducive to maintaining the stability of total arc energy [13], which tended to compress the arc by reducing the height and radius of arc to maintain energy balance. Similarly, the increase of weave speed would also increase the bottom radius of the arc as a whole, but this radius change was not as signi cant as the increase in the height of tungsten electrode.…”

Section: In Uence Of Process Parameters On Arc Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Process Parameters on Arc Behavior and Weld Formation in Weaving Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

Xie

Zhou

Nian

et al. 2023

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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The arc welding with weaving has been used widely to obtain better weld quality by avoiding lack of side wall fusion and improve the weld e ciency by obtaining the wide weld bead. But the effect of weaving process parameter change on the weld is not clear. The aim of this work is to study the effect of process parameters on arc behavior and weld formation in Weaving Gas Tungsten Arc Welding(W-GTAW), those parameters include welding currents, tungsten electrode heights from the electrode tip to upper surface of workpiece, weave angles, weave speeds, and weave stop time on the left and right sides. The instantaneous arc shape and electrical signal data were collected by high-speed camera and electrical signal acquisition system respectively. Furthermore, the weld morphology was also systematically analyzed. This result shows that the bottom surface radius of the arc changed with weaving in the W-GTAW. When the weave speed increased to 0.40 × 10 -1 rad/s, the change of the radius was the least, with only 0.10 mm drift, and the difference between the arc forces in the middle and the two sides of the molten pool was smallest. Compared with the stability of each welding process, decreasing the tungsten electrode heights, weave angle and speed could signi cantly enhance the stability of welding. The forming coe cient of weld with a weave angle of 1.9° was 3.11, which might help reduce stress concentration and hot crack tendency of the weld. This shows that increasing reasonable the weave angle and speed can increase the weld penetration from another point of view. Furthermore, the W-GTAW technology shows great application potential in weld forming control by adjusting process parameters.

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Section: In Uence Of Process Parameters On Arc Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Process Parameters on Arc Behavior and Weld Formation in Weaving Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

Xie

Zhou

Nian

et al. 2023

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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“…The arc is rotated by the Lorentz force and causes droplet deflection (Guan et al , 2019; Zhao et al , 2022; Zhou et al , 2021; Sun et al , 2018). Furthermore, the droplets are detached from the feedstock via a combination of electromagnetic contraction and torsional forces (Wang et al , 2020; Chang et al , 2014; Xiao et al , 2020; Antonello et al , 2021; Li et al , 2022). If the external magnetic field is alternating longitudinally at high frequencies, then the arc contracts (Wu et al , 2021; Li et al , 2020), as shown in Figure 5.…”

Section: Controlled Droplet Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forming accuracy improvement in wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM): a review

Dong

Miao

et al. 2022

RPJ

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Purpose This paper aims to anticipate the possible development direction of WAAM. For large-scale and complex components, the material loss and cycle time of wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) are lower than those of conventional manufacturing. However, the high-precision WAAM currently requires longer cycle times for correcting dimensional errors. Therefore, new technologies need to be developed to achieve high-precision and high-efficiency WAAM. Design/methodology/approach This paper analyses the innovations in high-precision WAAM in the past five years from a mechanistic point of view. Findings Controlling heat to improve precision is an effective method. Methods of heat control include reducing the amount of heat entering the deposited interlayer or transferring the accumulated heat out of the interlayer in time. Based on this, an effective and highly precise WAAM is achievable in combination with multi-scale sensors and a complete expert system. Originality/value Therefore, a development direction for intelligent WAAM is proposed. Using the optimised process parameters based on machine learning, adjusting the parameters according to the sensors’ in-process feedback, achieving heat control and high precision manufacturing.

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“…[1,2] The feedstock materials can be in wire or powder form, while different heat sources like laser, electron beam, and electric arc are used to melt the feedstock. [3][4][5][6][7][8] Reduction in production time and cost, ability to fabricate complex geometries, mass reduction of components, etc. are the main advantages of metal AM processes over conventional subtractive technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, arc welding processes such as gas metal arc welding (GMAW), gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), and plasma arc welding are employed as the 3D manufacturing process. [8,20,26] Stainless steels (SS) are a group of materials that are widely used in domestic, transport, architectural, orthopedic, and petrochemical industries thanks to their good corrosion resistance, high formability, good strength, as well as proper extreme temperature characteristics. [27][28][29] The corrosion resistance of SS is improved through the addition of chromium as the most important alloying element.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of 347 Stainless Steel Alloy Prepared by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Yadegar,

Sharifitabar,

Shafiee Afarani

2023

steel research int.

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In this study, 347 austenitic stainless steel parts were made by wire arc additive manufacturing process. Then, the effects of solution heat treatment at 1150°C for 3h followed by NbC stabilizing heat treatment at 950°C for 1h on the properties of the alloy were investigated. Results showed that after solidification, δ‐ferrite and NbC carbide particles were formed in the γ matrix while heat treatment eliminated the δ phase. Tensile test results showed that for the as‐prepared alloy yield strength varied between 336MPa and 352MPa, tensile strength between 559MPa and 589MPa, and elongation between 50 and 58%. However, heat treatment resulted in a 20‐22% decrease in yield strength, a 5‐10% decrease in tensile strength, and a 5% decline in elongation. The potentiodynamic (PD) polarization test results showed that the ICORR and the corrosion rate of the WAAM 347 stainless steel in the as‐prepared condition were separately 4.9 times and 5.6 times higher than the wrought alloy. After heat treatment, the ICORR increased from 5.84×10‐6 A/cm2 in the as‐prepared alloy to 6.68×10‐6 A/cm2, and the corrosion rate from 0.0678 to 0.0776 mm/y. This means that the heat treatment deteriorated the corrosion resistance of the WAAM 347 stainless steel alloy by about 14%.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Effect of electromagnetic arc constriction applied in GTAW-based wire arc additive manufacturing on walls' geometry and microstructure

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of Process Parameters on Arc Behavior and Weld Formation in Weaving Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

Effect of Process Parameters on Arc Behavior and Weld Formation in Weaving Gas Tungsten Arc Welding

Forming accuracy improvement in wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM): a review

Effects of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Properties of 347 Stainless Steel Alloy Prepared by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

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