Effect of Elastin Peptides on Vascular Tone

Abstract

Elastin peptides are present in human blood. As elastin receptors exist on several cell types, especially endothelial cells, this investigation was carried out to study the effect of elastin peptides on vascular tone. For this purpose, rat aortic rings were mounted in an organ bath for isometric tension measurements. Elastin peptides (ĸ-elastin) were added in the concentration range of 0.1 ng/ml to 1 µg/ml, concentrations similar to those found in the circulating blood. In rat aortic rings, precontracted or not with noradrenaline (10^–6M), elastin peptides induced an endothelium-dependent vasodilation. The pretreatment of aortic rings with N-ω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (10^–5M), an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) production, or with indomethacin (10^–5M), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, prevented elastin peptide-induced vasodilation. These findings suggest that elastin peptides act through the synthesis of prostanoids, leading to the production of NO. Moreover, this relaxant effect of elastin peptides was decreased or inhibited when aortic rings were treated with lactose (10^–5 to 10^–2M) or laminin (10^–6 to 10^–4 mg/ml) whereas lactose or laminin was unable to inhibit acetylcholine-induced vasodilation. These findings suggest that the inhibitory effects of lactose and laminin are specific for elastin peptide receptors and are in agreement with previous studies on these receptors. As there is evidence of the degradation of elastin in several vascular diseases, the concept that elastin peptides may contribute to the control of vascular tone is discussed.

Signaling Pathways Transduced through the Elastin Receptor Facilitate Proliferation of Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells

“…We, and others, show that interaction between elastin-derived peptides and EBP residing on the surface of several cell types results in a rapid and transient increase in free intracellular Ca 2ϩ (18,36) and that the EBP-mediated opening of calcium channels involves pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins and activation of phospholipase C and protein kinase C in fibroblasts and lymphocytes (21,38). Studies by Kamisato and colleagues (39,40) additionally revealed that the EBP-dependent chemotactic response of macrophages to elastin-derived peptides also involves FIG.…”

Tropoelastin Enhances Nitric Oxide Production by Endothelial Cells

“…A link between elastin and nitric oxide production was revealed when contracted aortic rings showed endothelium-dependent vasodilation following treatment with κ-elastin peptide and tropoelastin [28]. This effect diminished in response to treatment with laminin and lactose, which implicated the surface receptor, elastin binding protein which in turn leads to increased intracellular calcium [6].…”

Assosiation Analysys of 11 Polymorphisms of SNPS With Endothelium Dependent Vasodilatation in Children With Diabetes Mellitus Type 1

“…Можна припу-стити, що поліморфізм 16-го екзону впливає на чутливість еластину судинної стінки до еластолізу. Як відомо, пептиди еластину, що утворюються внаслідок цього, взаємодіють із еластинламініновими рецепторами ен-дотеліальних та гладеньком'язових клітин судинної стінки, стимулюючи синтез проста-гландинів і продукцію NO із розвитком до-зозалежної вазодилатації [21]. З іншого боку, на фоні активації еластолізу відбувається деградація еластину судинної стінки, підви-щується обмін еластину (на це вказує зро-стання в крові вмісту еластинових пептидів), спостерігається ремоделювання судинної стінки, що асоціюється із збільшенням її ригідності та вищим ризиком ангіопатій у хворих на ЦД 1-го типу [19].…”