Effect of eight weeks of endurance exercise training on right and left ventricular volume and mass in untrained obese subjects: a longitudinal MRI study

Vogelsang, Thomas; Hanel, Birgitte; Kristoffersen, Ulrik Sloth; Petersen, Claus Leth; Mehlsen, Jesper; Holmquist, Nelson D.; Larsson, Benny; Kjær, Andreas

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2007.00706.x

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…8,11,46 Longitudinal cMRI studies confirmed that eccentric ventricular remodeling is inducible in previously sedentary younger individuals with moderate- to high-intensity endurance training over relatively brief periods of time. 18,47,48 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac Remodeling in Response to 1 Year of Intensive Endurance Training

et al. 2014

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Background It is unclear whether, and to what extent, the striking cardiac morphological manifestations of endurance athletes are a result of exercise training or a genetically determined characteristic of talented athletes. We hypothesized that prolonged and intensive endurance training in previously sedentary healthy young individuals could induce cardiac remodeling similar to that observed cross-sectionally in elite endurance athletes. Methods and Results Twelve previously sedentary subjects (aged 29±6 years; 7 men and 5 women) trained progressively and intensively for 12 months such that they could compete in a marathon. Magnetic resonance images for assessment of right and left ventricular mass and volumes were obtained at baseline and after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of training. Maximum oxygen uptake (V̇o2 max) and cardiac output at rest and during exercise (C2H2 rebreathing) were measured at the same time periods. Pulmonary artery catheterization was performed before and after 1 year of training, and pressure-volume and Starling curves were constructed during decreases (lower body negative pressure) and increases (saline infusion) in cardiac volume. Mean V̇o2 max rose from 40.3±1.6 to 48.7±2.5 mL/kg per minute after 1 year (P<0.00001), associated with an increase in both maximal cardiac output and stroke volume. Left and right ventricular mass increased progressively with training duration and intensity and reached levels similar to those observed in elite endurance athletes. In contrast, left ventricular volume did not change significantly until 6 months of training, although right ventricular volume increased progressively from the outset; Starling and pressure-volume curves approached but did not match those of elite athletes. Conclusions One year of prolonged and intensive endurance training leads to cardiac morphological adaptations in previously sedentary young subjects similar to those observed in elite endurance athletes; however, it is not sufficient to achieve similar levels of cardiac compliance and performance. Contrary to conventional thinking, the left ventricle responds to exercise with initial concentric but not eccentric remodeling during the first 6 to 9 months after commencement of endurance training depending on the duration and intensity of exercise. Thereafter, the left ventricle dilates and restores the baseline mass-to-volume ratio. In contrast, the right ventricle responds to endurance training with eccentric remodeling at all levels of training.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac Remodeling in Response to 1 Year of Intensive Endurance Training

et al. 2014

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“…This fi nding corresponds to results from echocardiographic ( 29,36 ) and MR imaging ( 24 ) studies that showed that even dramatic changes in training loads do not infl uence this index of integrated ventricular systolic function at rest. It has been reported that structural changes of the heart in athletes also involve the right ventricle, leading to higher RV stroke volume, end-diastolic volume, and myocardial mass ( 24,37 ). In our study, there were no differences in the LV-to-RV ratios of these volume and mass indexes, showing that the benign adaptive structural and functional changes with triathlon training associated with athlete's heart represent a balanced cardiac hypertrophy with regulative enlargement of all chambers ( 23 ).…”

Section: Cardiac Imaging: Cardiac Adaptations In Elite Triathletesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atrial and Ventricular Functional and Structural Adaptations of the Heart in Elite Triathletes Assessed with Cardiac MR Imaging

Scharf¹,

Brem²,

Wilhelm³

et al. 2010

Radiology

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“…CMR imaging is considered the current reference standard for the evaluation of left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) cardiac volume and mass, allowing for detection of smaller changes than other imaging modalities. 8 Most previous studies focused only on specific aspects of cardiac adaptation, for example, LV or RV hypertrophy, 7,9 assessment of myocardial strain, 10 or evaluation of cardiac fibrosis with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). 11 There is still controversy whether besides beneficial cardiovascular adaptation 12,13 there might be adverse cardiac effects 14 of high-intensity endurance training.…”

Section: See Clinical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial Adaptation to High-Intensity (Interval) Training in Previously Untrained Men With a Longitudinal Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study (Running Study and Heart Trial)

Scharf

Schmid

Kemmler

et al. 2015

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

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Background-To prospectively evaluate whether short-term high-intensity (interval) training (HI(I)T) induces detectable morphological cardiac changes in previously untrained men in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. Methods and Results-Eighty-four untrained volunteers were randomly assigned to a HI(I) T group (n=42; 44.1±4.7 years) or an inactive control group (n=42; 42.3±5.6 years). HI(I)T focused on interval runs (intensity: 95%-105% of individually calculated heart rate at the anaerobic threshold). Before and after 16 weeks, all subjects underwent physiological examination, stepwise treadmill test with blood lactate analysis, and contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (cine, tagging, and delayed enhancement). Indexed left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volume (LV, 77.1±8.5-83.9±8.6; RV, 80.5±8.5-86.6±8.1) and mass (LV, RV,.1) significantly increased with HI(I)T. Changes in LV and RV morphological parameters with HI(I)T were highly correlated with an increase in maximal aerobic capacity (VO 2max ) and a decrease in blood lactate concentration at the anaerobic threshold. Mean LV and RV remodeling index of HI(I)T group did not alter with training (0.76 ±0.09 and 0.24±0.10 g/mL, respectively [P=0. 97 and P=0.72]), indicating balanced cardiac adaptation. Myocardial circumferential strain decreased after HI(I)T within all 6 basal segments (anteroseptal, P=0.01 and anterolateral, P<0.001). There was no late gadolinium enhancement in any of the participants before or post HI(I)T. Conclusions-Sixteen Scharf et al Cardiac Adaptation to HI(I)Tinvestigations revealed enlargement and reduced contractility of the RV, which might be associated with ventricular tachycardia. 15The Running Study and Heart (RUSH) trial was designed to address these issues. Physiological and morphological data were collected and cardiopulmonary exercise testing with blood lactate analysis as well as CMR imaging was performed in a randomized controlled trial. Methods Study PopulationThe study (www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01406730) was approved by the institutional review board and written informed consent was obtained from all subjects. Sample size was determined with G*power (version 3.1.3; 2009, Faul et al,16 Dusseldorf, Germany). We estimated that a sample size of 32 individuals in each group would have a power of 90% to detect a between-group difference of 8±10 mL in end-diastolic volume (EDV) with α=0.05. Assuming a dropout rate of 20%, our goal was to recruit 40 subjects per group. Study subjects were recruited by local newspaper advertisement from January until March 2011. The study was conducted from April 2011 until July 2012. Participants were randomly assigned to a training and restgroup.Eighty-eight male volunteers, who were either completely sedentary or did not engage in any routine (ie, >3 hours per week) physical training, were enrolled in this study. All participants completed a medical history and physical activity questionnaire. All subjects denied the use of illicit substances and un...

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Effect of eight weeks of endurance exercise training on right and left ventricular volume and mass in untrained obese subjects: a longitudinal MRI study

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

Cardiac Remodeling in Response to 1 Year of Intensive Endurance Training

Cardiac Remodeling in Response to 1 Year of Intensive Endurance Training

Atrial and Ventricular Functional and Structural Adaptations of the Heart in Elite Triathletes Assessed with Cardiac MR Imaging

Myocardial Adaptation to High-Intensity (Interval) Training in Previously Untrained Men With a Longitudinal Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study (Running Study and Heart Trial)

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