Effect of Eight Weeks Aerobic Exercise and Vitamin-D Supplementation on Osteocalcin and Alkaline Phosphatase Gene Expression in Male Rats Poisoned with Hydrogen Peroxide

Abstract

Introduction: Free radicals increase with age and disease, so the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise and vitamin D on the expression of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin genes in bone tissue of rats poisoned with hydrogen peroxide.
 Methods: In this experimental trial, 36 adult male Wistar rats were randomized into six groups of six rats, 1) control; 2) hydrogen peroxide; 3) hydrogen peroxide + vitamin D; 4) hydrogen peroxide + exercise; 5) hydrogen peroxide + exercise and vitamin D and 6) Sham. For eight weeks, groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were given daily dose of 1 mmol/kg hydrogen peroxide on even days, groups 3 and 5 received 0.5 mg / kg of Vitamin-D daily, and sham group received only vitamin D solvent intraperitoneally. Groups 4 and 5 performed aerobic exercise 3 day/week. Osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase gene expression were measured by PCR and were analyzed using independent t-test, two-way analysis of variance and Boferroni’s post hoc test with SPSS 16 (p≤0.05).
 Results: The interactive effect of exercise and vitamin D on increasing alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin was significant. (p≤0.05); exercise increased alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin (p ≤ 0.05); vitamin D was also associated with increased alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin (p=0.0001). The greatest effect on increasing osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase showed in groups 5 and 3, respectively (p=0.001).
 Conclusion: Exercise and vitamin D had a positive effect on bone tissue, so that even the systemic effect of hydrogen peroxide could not change the results of this constructive effect.

The Effect of Aerobic Training and Cholecalciferol on IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in the Bone Tissue of Rats Poisoned with Hydrogen Peroxide

“…Research findings support the independent effects of mechanical loading and vitamin D on the upregulation of bone growth factors under normal physiological conditions in vitro. Also, it was shown that the interaction of aerobic training and vitamin D influenced the gene expression and protein concentration of bone markers in rats poisoned with hydrogen peroxide in vivo (9)(10)(11). Considering these observations, we hypothesized that the interaction of aerobic training and vitamin D supplementation could affect the gene expression levels of bone growth factors, IGF-I and IGFBP-3, in male Wistar rats poisoned with H 2 O 2 .…”

“…To achieve the appropriate injection dose, normal saline and DMSO were employed to dissolve cholecalciferol. To evaluate the effects of this solvent, the rats in the sham group received DMSO intraperitoneally at the same dose every day (10).…”

“…Also, the biogenesis of the bone tissue is influenced by other factors, such as the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by aging or diseases like cancer or other chronic diseases. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is a type of ROS that potentially inflicts harm to the bone (9)(10)(11) and is associated with the increased formation and function of osteoclasts (12). Oxidative stress may contribute to bone loss under normal physiological or pathological conditions by reducing the production of bone growth factors.…”