Effect of early probiotic supplementation on childhood cognition, behaviour and mood a randomised, placebo‐controlled trial

Slykerman, Rebecca F.; Kang, Janice; Zyl, N Van; Barthow, Christine; Wickens, Kristin; Stanley, Thorsten; Coomarasamy, Christin; Purdie, Gordon; Murphy, Robin J.; Crane, Julian; Mitchell, Edwin A.

doi:10.1111/apa.14590

Cited by 48 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…lactis HN019, to a group of 342 children who were subsequently followed from birth to 11 years in New Zealand. The cohort demonstrated no associated neurocognitive outcomes at 11 years of age [59]. Although this study did not report any beneficial effects, Slykerman et al did not exclude the fact that other probiotics may have beneficial effects on ASD.…”

Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The remaining clinical studies published in the last decade can be divided into two categories based on the criteria of a mono or multi strain approach to probiotic therapy. The first category of clinical study (six studies) provided a single strain probiotic as a supplement [59,109,118,[169][170][171]. The second category (five studies), provided multi strain formulations [40,60,172,173].…”

Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since probiotics have been shown to help treat diseases with symptoms similar to those associated with neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, more clinical research is needed to support and elucidate how they can also improve the symptoms associated with actual neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, specifically through maintaining the bi-directional connection between the enteric and central nervous systems [56,57]. In fact, some studies have shown promise in human trials using ASD sufferers [40,[58][59][60].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Promising Role of Probiotics in Managing the Altered Gut in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Abdellatif

McVeigh

Bendriss

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) have been reported repeatedly in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and studies have reported interesting correlations between severity of behavioral and gastrointestinal symptoms. Growing evidence indicates that the gut microbiota in ASD is altered with various shifts described at different taxonomic levels, pointing to the importance of considering the gut–brain axis in treatment of these disorders. Probiotics are live beneficial bacteria that are ingested as food or customized pills. These beneficial bacteria, when added in sufficient amounts, can correct the dysbiosis. Because probiotics have shown success in treating irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), it is plausible to investigate whether they can induce alleviation of behavioral symptoms as well. Probiotics show, in some clinical studies, their potential benefits (1) in improving gastrointestinal dysfunction, (2) in correcting dysbiosis, (3) in consequently reducing the severity of ASD symptoms. This review compiles data from selected studies that investigate these benefits and the mechanisms that mediate these effects, which include the production of metabolites, hormones, and neurotransmitters and the regulation of pro-inflammatory and regulatory cytokines. Future research based on more randomized, controlled studies with a larger population size and standardized use of strains, concentration of probiotics, duration of treatments, and methods of DNA extraction is still needed in this area, which may lead to more robust results.

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Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Promising Role of Probiotics in Managing the Altered Gut in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Abdellatif

McVeigh

Bendriss

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…The same research group later conducted a placebo‐controlled trial of two probiotic strains administered throughout pregnancy and the first two years of life. In that sample, which exhibited high rates of antibiotic use (>80% in the first 2 years, similar across treatment groups), there were no significant effects of either probiotic on cognitive or behavioral outcomes at 11 years of age (Slykerman et al, ), although the effect of early‐life antibiotics was replicated (Slykerman et al, ). However, again, this study had several limitations; there was no justification provided for the choice of probiotic strains, the doses, or the methods of administration, nor was there a measure of the microbiota across treatment (problems that are common in this area of research).…”

Section: Evidence For Microbial Modulation Of Neurocognitive Developmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Annual Research Review: Critical windows – the microbiota–gut–brain axis in neurocognitive development

Cowan

Dinan

Cryan

2019

Child Psychology Psychiatry

107

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The gut microbiota is a vast, complex, and fascinating ecosystem of microorganisms that resides in the human gastrointestinal tract. As an integral part of the microbiota–gut–brain axis, it is now being recognized that the microbiota is a modulator of brain and behavior, across species. Intriguingly, periods of change in the microbiota coincide with the development of other body systems and particularly the brain. We hypothesize that these times of parallel development are biologically relevant, corresponding to ‘sensitive periods’ or ‘critical windows’ in the development of the microbiota–gut–brain axis. Specifically, signals from the microbiota during these periods are hypothesized to be crucial for establishing appropriate communication along the axis throughout the life span. In other words, the microbiota is hypothesized to act like an expected input to calibrate the development of the microbiota–gut–brain axis. The absence or disruption of the microbiota during specific developmental windows would therefore be expected to have a disproportionate effect on specific functions or potentially for regulation of the system as a whole. Evidence for microbial modulation of neurocognitive development and neurodevelopmental risk is discussed in light of this hypothesis, finishing with a focus on the challenges that lay ahead for the future study of the microbiota–gut–brain axis during development.

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“…Probiotic/synbiotic interventions Probiotic bacteria, or "probiotics," are live, nonpathogenic microorganisms that normally inhabit the intestines and contribute to the health of the host by improving microbial balance [70]. On the other hand, prebiotics are nondigestible ingredients that selectively stimulate the growth and activity of these probiotic microorganisms [71]. The synergic combination of probiotics and prebiotics is referred to as synbiotics.…”

Section: Gut Microbiome Microbiota and Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating impulsivity with probiotics in adults (PROBIA): study protocol of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Arteaga-Henríquez

Rosales-Ortiz

Arias-Vásquez

et al. 2020

Trials

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Background: Impulsivity and compulsivity are related to emotional and social maladjustment and often underlie psychiatric disorders. Recently, alterations in microbiota composition have been shown to have implications for brain development and social behavior via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. However, the exact mechanisms are not fully identified. Recent evidence suggests the modulatory effect of synbiotics on gut microbiota and the contribution of these agents in ameliorating symptoms of many psychiatric diseases. To date, no randomized controlled trial has been performed to establish the feasibility and efficacy of this intervention targeting the reduction of impulsivity and compulsivity. We hypothesize that supplementation with synbiotics may be an effective treatment in adults with high levels of impulsivity and/or compulsivity. Methods/design: This is a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial with two arms: treatment with a synbiotic formula versus placebo treatment. The primary outcome is the response rate at the end of the placebocontrolled phase (response defined as a Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale score of 1 or 2 = very much improved or much improved, plus a reduction in the Affective Reactivity Index total score of at least 30% compared with baseline). A total of 180 participants with highly impulsive behavior and a diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and/or borderline personality disorder, aged 18-65 years old, will be screened at three study centers. Secondary outcome measures, including changes in general psychopathology, ADHD symptoms, neurocognitive function, somatic parameters, physical activity, nutritional intake, and health-related quality of life, will be explored at assessments before, during, and at the end of the intervention. The effect of the intervention on genetics, microbiota, and several blood biomarkers will also be assessed. Gastrointestinal symptoms and somatic complaints will additionally be explored at 1-week follow-up. Discussion: This is the first randomized controlled trial to determine the effects of supplementation with synbiotics on reducing impulsive and compulsive behavior. This clinical trial can contribute to explaining the mechanisms involved in the crosstalk between the intestinal microbiome and the brain. If effects can be established by reducing impulsive and compulsive behavior, new cost-effective treatments might become available to these patients.

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Effect of early probiotic supplementation on childhood cognition, behaviour and mood a randomised, placebo‐controlled trial

Cited by 48 publications

References 27 publications

The Promising Role of Probiotics in Managing the Altered Gut in Autism Spectrum Disorders

The Promising Role of Probiotics in Managing the Altered Gut in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Annual Research Review: Critical windows – the microbiota–gut–brain axis in neurocognitive development

Treating impulsivity with probiotics in adults (PROBIA): study protocol of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

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