Effect of early measles vaccination (<scp>AIK</scp>‐<scp>C</scp> strain) for preterm infants

Ichikawa, Tadashi; Tsuji, Akiko; Fujino, Motoko; Kusano, R; Sugiyama, Ryusuke; Oomori, Sayu; Mori, Kazuhiro; Maeyama, Katsuhiro; Nakayama, Tetsuo

doi:10.1111/ped.12064

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…During the last outbreak of measles in the Netherlands, an additional dose of MMR vaccine was also offered [49]. Evidence for MMR vaccination at 6 months in preterm infants is scarce, but Ichikawa et al showed that early immunization at 6 months of age was protective against measles in 17 preterm infants [50]. If there is no direct risk of contact with the viruses, longer protection by maternal antibodies in combination with the first vaccination after 12 months (as previously recommended) may increase protection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Transplacental Antibody Transport for Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Varicella Zoster in Very Preterm Infants

et al. 2014

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BackgroundMaternal antibodies, transported over the placenta during pregnancy, contribute to the protection of infants from infectious diseases during the first months of life. In term infants, this protection does not last until the first recommended measles-mumps-rubella vaccination at 14 months in the Netherlands, while these viruses still circulate. The aim of the study was to investigate the antibody concentration against measles, mumps, rubella and varicella (MMRV) in mothers and preterm infants or healthy term infants at birth.MethodsAntibody concentrations specific for MMRV were measured in cord blood samples from preterm (gestational age <32 weeks and/or birth weight <1500 g) and term infants, and matched maternal serum samples, using a fluorescent bead-based multiplex immune-assay.ResultsDue to lower placental transfer ratios of antibodies against MMRV in 96 preterm infants (range 0.75–0.87) compared to 42 term infants (range 1.39–1.65), the preterm infants showed 1.7–2.5 times lower geometric mean concentrations at birth compared to term infants. Maternal antibody concentration is the most important determinant of infant antibody concentration against MMRV.ConclusionsPreterm infants benefit to a lesser extent from maternal antibodies against measles, mumps, rubella and varicella than term infants, posing them even earlier at risk for infectious diseases caused by these still circulating viruses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Transplacental Antibody Transport for Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Varicella Zoster in Very Preterm Infants

et al. 2014

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“…These two stains show some differences with regard to immunogenicity. 12,23,24 As a conclusion, our findings showed that in the study region, after the MMR vaccination, the seroconversion rates for measles are in the acceptable range, even though compared with other countries, there is still room for more improvement. Also, considering the fact that with herd immunities below 95% achieving measles elimination would in fact be out of reach, this achievement is a necessity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…In similar studies, the time interval between the vaccination and the post-vaccination blood sampling for the evaluation of immune response has usually been 4 to 6 weeks. [10][11][12] In the pre-elimination era, even in developed countries, the persistence of maternal antibodies even beyond 12 months of age had always been mentioned as one of the well-known mechanisms of measles vaccine failure. 13,14 As it was mentioned earlier, in the present study, 10 participants (3.7%) had protective levels of antibody before the vaccination, and they were not included in the calculations for seroconversion rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the seroconversion rate of 12-month-old babies after the first injection of measles vaccine in the southeast of Iran

Zahraei

Izadi

Mokhtari‐Azad

2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Within the past few years, several measles outbreaks have occurred in the southeast of Iran. To learn about the effectiveness of the immunization services for producing a serologic response against measles, this follow-up study was designed and implemented in the southeast of Iran. In Iran, all routine immunization services provided by the public sector are free of charge. The follow-up study was designed and implemented in 5 Urban Health Centers located in 3 districts of Sistan-va-BaluchestanProvince, Iran. In the pre-vaccination phase, 270 12-month-old babies were blood sampled; and in the post-vaccination phase, 4 to 7 weeks after Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccination, 236 of them were blood sampled (34 dropouts), and their sera were tested for IgG anti-measles antibodies, using indirect ELISA, in the National Reference Measles Laboratory. Out of the 236 participants, who had been blood sampled in the post-vaccination phase, 10 (3.7%) were excluded from the calculations of seroconversion rate, because they had protective levels of antibody before the vaccination. The seroconversion rate for the remaining 226 participants was 91.2% (95% confidence interval: 86.7 to 94.5). Among the variables studied, stunting (height-for-age z-score < -2) showed a strong relationship with the remaining seronegative after the vaccination (odds ratio = 5.6; 95% confidence interval: 1.7-18.2). The chance of seroconversion was inversely related to the mothers' levels of education (up to 9 y of education vs. above nine years) (odds ratio = 0.2; 95% confidence interval: 0.06-0.4). In the study population, the seroconversion rates for anti-measles antibodies after MMR vaccination are acceptable, even though in order to achieve the elimination goal, higher standards need to be achieved.

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“…Published evidence from observational studies shows that up to 8.9% of healthy children who received 2 doses of a MMR vaccine do not show seroprotective levels of anti-measles IgG at 7.4 years after the last immunization, and post-vaccination seroconversion does not occur in 2–10% of the subjects [ 37 – 43 ]. However, in our study, seroprotective levels of anti-measles antibodies were found in all preschool children immunized with MMR vaccine, both those born preterm and full-term.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of Vaccine-Induced Immunity in Preschool Children: Effect of Gestational Age

et al. 2018

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BackgroundA program of immunization that ensures optimal development of acquired immunity should be carried out in all healthy newborns. The aim of the present study was to verify, at 2.5–3 years after the last dose of basic vaccination, if preschool children who have been delivered preterm and at term differ in their levels of post-vaccination protective antibodies.Material/MethodsHumoral response was assessed in 352 children (mean age: 5.22±0.34 years) who received a series of obligatory vaccinations in the period from birth to 2.5–3 years of age. Antibodies (in IgG class) against vaccine antigens – diphtheria (D), tetanus (T), pertussis (P), Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), poliomyelitis (IPV), measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) – were measured using ELISA. The level of antibodies against hepatitis B (HBV) was assessed by chemiluminescence.ResultsAll children had been immunized according to the Polish National Vaccination Program. The group of 352 children eligible for the study included 46 (13.1%) preschoolers delivered preterm (32–36 weeks of gestation), and 306 (86.9%) born at term (37–42 weeks of gestation). All children maintained seroprotective antibody levels against polioviruses type 1, 2, and 3 (>12 mIU/mL), and against measles antigens (>300 U/mL). No statistically significant differences were found in the proportions of preschoolers born preterm and at term who were seroprotected against other vaccine antigens.ConclusionsAmong preschool children who were immunized according to chronological age, those we were born late preterm do not seem to differ in vaccine-induced immunity from those who were born full-term.

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Effect of early measles vaccination (AIK‐C strain) for preterm infants

Abstract: Early immunization at 6 months of age is effective to protect preterm infants in the outbreak setting.

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Lower Transplacental Antibody Transport for Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Varicella Zoster in Very Preterm Infants

Lower Transplacental Antibody Transport for Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Varicella Zoster in Very Preterm Infants

Factors affecting the seroconversion rate of 12-month-old babies after the first injection of measles vaccine in the southeast of Iran

Persistence of Vaccine-Induced Immunity in Preschool Children: Effect of Gestational Age

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