Effect of Early Breast Milk Nutrition on Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in Preterm Infants

Alzaree, Fatma; AbuShady, Mones M.; Atti, Mohamed Abdel; Fathy, Gihan A.; Galal, Essam M.; Ali, Alaa; Elias, Tahany R.

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2019.035

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Delayed myelination is observed in Fmr1 KO mice [ 30 , 31 ], and genetic reduction of insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF-1R) or treatment with a synthetic analog of a naturally occurring neurotropic peptide derived from IGF-1 corrects a multitude of disease phenotypes in Fmr1 KO mice [ 32 , 33 ]. Breast milk has a higher quantity of human IGF-1 than bovine milk or infant formula [ 34 ] and is associated with elevated IGF-1 in preterm infants [ 35 ] and altered white matter volume in boys [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of Breast Milk Is Associated with Decreased Prevalence of Autism in Fragile X Syndrome

Westmark

2021

Nutrients

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Breastfeeding is associated with numerous health benefits, but early life nutrition has not been specifically studied in the neurodevelopmental disorder fragile X syndrome (FXS). Herein, I evaluate associations between the consumption of breast milk during infancy and the prevalence of autism, allergies, diabetes, gastrointestinal (GI) problems and seizures in FXS. The study design was a retrospective survey of families enrolled in the Fragile X Online Registry and Accessible Research Database (FORWARD). There was a 1.7-fold reduction in the prevalence of autism in FXS participants who were fed breast milk for 12 months or longer. There were strong negative correlations between increased time the infant was fed breast milk and the prevalence of autism and seizures and moderate negative correlations with the prevalence of GI problems and allergies. However, participants reporting GI problems or allergies commenced these comorbidities significantly earlier than those not fed breast milk. Parsing the data by sex indicated that males exclusively fed breast milk exhibited decreased prevalence of GI problems and allergies. These data suggest that long-term or exclusive use of breast milk is associated with reduced prevalence of key comorbidities in FXS, although breast milk is associated with the earlier development of GI problems and allergies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of Breast Milk Is Associated with Decreased Prevalence of Autism in Fragile X Syndrome

Westmark

2021

Nutrients

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“…114 As yet, no study has reported an antepartum or postpartum method which prevents or diminishes the development of classical autism in the infant other than prolonged breastfeeding from birth exclusively. 76,83,84,[115][116][117] Although the pathologic processes in autism begin around birth, behavioral symptoms usually do not appear until ages 1-4 years. This could portend the futility of IGF-1 administration to psychologically symptomatic autistic patients, once the malady is well established.…”

Section: Challengementioning

confidence: 99%

The putative etiology and prevention of autism

Steinman

2020

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science

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Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre-including this research content-immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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“…These anti-inflammatory cytokines could potentially lower the relatively pro-inflammatory state in the immature gut and consequentially increase IGF-1 levels. In one study, preterm infants who received own mother's milk from birth were shown to have higher levels of IGF-1 at term equivalent age compared to those who were formula fed from birth [26]. Moreover, animal studies found that in a state of inflammation or nutrient deprivation, parenteral feeding was associated with lower IGF-1 levels compared to enteral feeding.…”

Section: The Route Of Nutrient Administrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Course Of IGF-1 Levels and Nutrient Intake in Extremely and Very Preterm Infants During Hospitalisation

2020

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Background: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) plays an important role in the complex association between nutrition, growth, and maturation in extremely and very preterm infants. Nevertheless, in this population, research on associations between IGF-1 and nutrition is limited. Therefore this study aimed to evaluate the possible associations between the course of IGF-1 levels and nutrient intake between preterm birth and 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA). Methods: 87 infants born between 24 and 32 weeks gestational age were followed up to 36 weeks PMA. Actual daily macronutrient intake was calculated, and growth was assessed weekly. IGF-1 was sampled from umbilical cord blood at birth and every other week thereafter. Results: There was an inverse relationship between the amount of parenteral nutrition in the second week of life and IGF-1. Total protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake, as well as total energy intake, primarily showed a positive association with IGF-1 levels, particularly between 30 and 33 weeks PMA. Gestational age, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and weight were significant confounders in the association between nutrient intake and IGF-1 levels. Conclusion: Parenteral nutrition was found to be a negative predictor of IGF-1 levels, and there could potentially be a time frame in which macronutrient intake is unable to impact IGF-1 levels. Future research should aim to narrow down this time frame and to gain more insight into factors enhancing or decreasing the response of IGF-1 to nutrition, e.g., age and inflammatory state, to align nutritional interventions accordingly.

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Effect of Early Breast Milk Nutrition on Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in Preterm Infants

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Consumption of Breast Milk Is Associated with Decreased Prevalence of Autism in Fragile X Syndrome

Consumption of Breast Milk Is Associated with Decreased Prevalence of Autism in Fragile X Syndrome

The putative etiology and prevention of autism

The Course Of IGF-1 Levels and Nutrient Intake in Extremely and Very Preterm Infants During Hospitalisation

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