Effect of Drying Temperature and Time on Alpha-Amylase, Beta-Amylase, Limit Dextrinase Activities and Dimethyl Sulphide Level of Teff (Eragrostis tef) Malt

Gebremariam, Mekonnen M.; Zarnkow, Martin; Becker, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s11947-012-1025-0

Cited by 19 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Inhibition assay for alpha amylase decreased with increase in temperature. Enzyme activity was reduced at higher temperatures and higher enzyme activity was observed below 40°C (Asgher, Asad, Rahman, & Legge, ; Gebremariam, Zarnkow, & Becker, ) Since the temperature inside the drying chamber was high compared to atmospheric temperature, the inhibition assay of products dried inside INCSD showed less value compared to open sun.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on indirect natural convection solar drying of anti‐diabetic medicinal products

Mathew

Venugopal

2019

J Food Process Preserv

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A performance analysis of indirect natural convection solar dryer (INCSD) was carried out by drying anti‐diabetic medicinal products like coccinia grandis, allium cepa, and emblica officinalis by cutting into different orientations. Drying results shows that thickness, orientation of cut, and surface area plays a vital role in the drying characteristics of the products in INCSD. The average collector and dryer efficiency of INCSD was 15% and 7%, respectively. Drying time was reduced up to 11 hr in INCSD than open sun drying. Alpha amylase inhibition assay values for products dried under open sun (15.67%, 5.89%, and 8.56%) showed better results, whereas minerals like potassium content in allium cepa (597 mg/100 g), sodium content in coccinia grandis (130.1 mg/100 g), magnesium content in allium cepa, and emblica officinalis (80 mg/100 g) were higher when dried in INCSD. Vitamin C and sugar content in products were almost same for both INCSD and open sun drying. Practical applicationsIndirect natural convection solar dryers are mainly benefited by small‐scale farmers as it takes less drying time and possess better quality when compared to open sun drying. Drying anti‐diabetic medicinal products in INCSD can be considered as a boon for pharmaceutical industries as the dryer can give good‐quality dried products that can be used for preparing anti‐diabetic medicines. It can also reduce the production cost of anti‐diabetic medicines.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on indirect natural convection solar drying of anti‐diabetic medicinal products

Mathew

Venugopal

2019

J Food Process Preserv

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“…Both the temperature and duration of kilning processes are known to influence the activity of alpha and beta amylase in malt (Gebremariam et al 2012). The relationship between RF treatment time and alpha and beta amylase activity during the removal of bound and free water are illustrated in Figure 10.…”

Section: The Influence Of Energy Input On Removal Of Intermediate Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic Heating for Industrial Kilning of Malt: a Feasibility Study

Ferrari

Katrib

Zerva

et al. 2016

Food Bioprocess Technol

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Industrial malting operations use ~800kWh/t of energy to produce the heat required to kiln malt. Electromagnetic heating technologies are suggested as a way to potentially improve the energy efficiency of the kilning processing. In this work, the potential for using electromagnetic heating to dry malt to commercially acceptable moisture levels, whilst preserving the activity of enzymes critical for downstream brewing processes is investigated. The 2450 MHz bulk dielectric properties of malt at moisture contents consistent with those occurring at different points in the kilning process are evaluated; 12% is shown to be a critical moisture level below which drying becomes more energy intensive.Calculated penetration depths of electromagnetic energy in malt at radio frequency are 100 fold higher than at microwave frequencies, showing a significant advantage for commercial scale batch processing. The moisture contents and alpha and beta amylase activity of malt subjected to RF heating at different temperatures, treatment times and RF energy inputs in the intermediate and bound water drying regions were determined. It is shown for the first time that whilst significantly reduced process times are attainable, significant energy efficiency improvements compared to conventional kilning can only be achieved at higher product temperatures and thus at the expense of enzyme survival.It is suggested that RF heating may be feasible where higher bulk temperatures are not critical for downstream use of the material or when used in hybrid systems. 1 IntroductionBy 2030, it is predicted that global population growth will increase food production demands by 50% and energy demands by 45% (Beddington 2009). Consequently, food and energy security is high on the agenda of many governments (Tassou et al. 2014). The UK Government's Climate Change Agreements (CCA) scheme has been implemented to provide discounts on the Climate Change Levy (CCL) for energy intensive industries that meet targets for reduced energy use and CO2 emissions.The UK malting sector has targeted a 4.7% improvement in energy efficiency by 2020 (DEFRA 2013). This is in addition to a 12% target saving from 1999 to 2010. UK maltsters currently consume some 1375 GWh of secondary energy a year in the production of around 1.5 million tonnes of malt; at least 78% of this energy is used to provide heat

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“…Clearly variability exists within the tef gene pool and a comprehensive study with more genotypes and modern tools to characterize and document the seed protein fractions is necessary. More recently, studies on tef seeds have changed course and three studies by Gebremariam et al (2013a,b,c) investigated the malt quality attributes, while another by Boka et al (2013) assessed the antioxidant properties of differentially processed tef grain.…”

Section: Tef Diversity In Key Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity in tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

et al. 2015

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Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] is a cereal crop resilient to adverse climatic and soil conditions, and possessing desirable storage properties. Although tef provides high quality food and grows under marginal conditions unsuitable for other cereals, it is considered to be an orphan crop because it has benefited little from genetic improvement. Hence, unlike other cereals such as maize and wheat, the productivity of tef is extremely low. In spite of the low productivity, tef is widely cultivated by over six million small-scale farmers in Ethiopia where it is annually grown on more than three million hectares of land, accounting for over 30% of the total cereal acreage. Tef, a tetraploid with 40 chromosomes (2n = 4x = 40), belongs to the family Poaceae and, together with finger millet (Eleusine coracana Gaerth.), to the subfamily Chloridoideae. It was originated and domesticated in Ethiopia. There are about 350 Eragrostis species of which E. tef is the only species cultivated for human consumption. At the present time, the gene bank in Ethiopia holds over five thousand tef accessions collected from geographical regions diverse in terms of climate and elevation. These germplasm accessions appear to have huge variability with regard to key agronomic and nutritional traits. In order to properly utilize the variability in developing new tef cultivars, various techniques have been implemented to catalog the extent and unravel the patterns of genetic diversity. In this review, we show some recent initiatives investigating the diversity of tef using genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics and discuss the prospect of these efforts in providing molecular resources that can aid modern tef breeding.

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Effect of Drying Temperature and Time on Alpha-Amylase, Beta-Amylase, Limit Dextrinase Activities and Dimethyl Sulphide Level of Teff (Eragrostis tef) Malt

Cited by 19 publications

References 26 publications

Investigation on indirect natural convection solar drying of anti‐diabetic medicinal products

Investigation on indirect natural convection solar drying of anti‐diabetic medicinal products

Electromagnetic Heating for Industrial Kilning of Malt: a Feasibility Study

Genetic diversity in tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter]

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