Effect of dry and germinated oat on hypercholesterolemic rats

Abstract

The main target of this study was evaluating the effect of two concentration of dry and germinated oat consumption 15% and 30% for 6 weeks on hypercholesterolemic rats. Thirty six male albino rats weighing 200±20 g were used in this study and divided into six groups (6 rats in each group). First group fed on basal diet and used as a (negative control group). The second group fed on hypercholesterolemic diet (HCD) (diet containing 1% cholesterol,16% saturated fat and 0.25% colic acid) and used as a positive control group. Groups (3 and 4) rats fed on HCD containing 15 and 30% whole dry oat. Groups (5 and 6) rats fed on HCD containing 15% and 30% germinated oat. At the end of the experimental period body weight gain and organs weight was estimated. On the other hand lipid fractions, liver enzymes including aspartate aminotransferees (AST), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), kidney function including creatinine, uric acid, urea and antioxidant enzymes including glutathione reduced (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxides (GPx) were determined in the serum The results demonstrated that germinated oat contained highest fiber while, dry oat contained lowest levels of fiber. HCD caused a significantly increase in TC, TG, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), Atherogenic index (AI), LDL/HDL ratio, AST, ALT and kidney function, Furthermore, it caused a significantly decrease in HDL, HTR, GSH, CAT, SOD and GPx .The rats received dry oat with high concentration (30%) was the most effective to reduction of TC, TG, LDL-C and VLDL-C than dry 15% and germinated 15%. While, germinated oat 30% revealed non-significant effect on TC and LDL-C levels, although it has more effective to raise antioxidant enzymes a activity. All treatments revealed a significantly decrement of AI, AST, creatinine, uric acid and urea. Conclusion: addition of whole dry and germinated oat to HCD for 6 weeks has potential effects to reduced serum cholesterol levels, LDL-C and VLDL-C. The high concentration of dry oat and low concentration of germinated oat had more effective to reduced lipid profile.