Effect of drought stress on residual transpiration and its relationship with water use of wheat

Clarke, J. M.; Richards, R. A.; Condon, AG

doi:10.4141/cjps91-102

Cited by 47 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…González and Ayerbe (2010) found a negative correlation between RT and yield, which emphasizes the importance of water permeance of the cuticle under water stress. Other studies, however, have come to a different conclusion (Clarke et al, 1991). A more direct transgenic approach concerning the relevance of cuticular transpiration by Wang and co-workers (2012a,b) has led to the conclusion that decreased water permeability of the cuticle led to improved drought tolerance of rice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A morpho-physiological approach differentiates bread wheat cultivars of contrasting tolerance under cyclic water stress

Jäger

Fábián

Eitel

et al. 2014

Journal of Plant Physiology

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Leaf micromorphological traits and some physiological parameters with potential relevance to drought tolerance mechanisms were investigated in four selected winter wheat varieties. Plants were subjected to two cycles of drought treatment at anthesis. Yield components confirmed contrasting drought-sensitive and -tolerant behavior of the genotypes. Drought tolerance was associated with small flag leaf surfaces and less frequent occurrence of stomata. Substantial variation of leaf cuticular thickness was found among the cultivars. Thin cuticle coincided with drought sensitivity and correlated with a high rate of darkadapted water loss from leaves. Unlike in Arabidopsis, thickening of the cuticular matrix in response to water deprivation did not occur. Water stress induced epicuticular wax crystal depositions preferentially on the abaxial leaf surfaces. According to microscopy and electrolyte leakage measurements from leaf tissues, membrane integrity was lost earlier or to a higher extent in sensitive than in tolerant genotypes. Cellular damage and a decline of relative water content of leaves in sensitive cultivars became distinctive during the second cycle of water deprivation. Our results indicate strong variation of traits with potential contribution to the complex phenotype of drought tolerance in wheat genotypes. The maintained membrane integrity and relative water content values during repeated water limited periods were found to correlate with drought tolerance in the selection of cultivars investigated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A morpho-physiological approach differentiates bread wheat cultivars of contrasting tolerance under cyclic water stress

Jäger

Fábián

Eitel

et al. 2014

Journal of Plant Physiology

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“…Among the six crops tested, barley produced the highest overall grain yield but it had the lowest protein content. This is a typical situation for cereals -that an increase in grain yield usually decreases protein content of the grain due to dilution of N by the increased biomass ( Fowler 1989a,b;Clarke et al 1991;Selles et al 1991). It was interesting to note that as fertiliser N increased from 50 to 100 kg ha -1 , barley grain yield increased by 347 kg ha -1 , the highest rate at which the yield increased with N application, and the protein content of the grain also increased by 1.6% points, the second highest rate at which protein content increased with N fertiliser.…”

Section: Response To N Fertilisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain yield and water use: Relative performance of winter vs. spring cereals in east-central Saskatchewan

Gan¹,

Lafond²,

May³

2000

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Grain yield and water use: Relative performance of winter vs. spring cereals in east-central Saskatchewan. Can. J. Plant Sci. 80: 533-541. Changing economic conditions have provided strong incentives for grain producers to choose the most profitable cereal crops to grow. We determined grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), fall rye (Secale cereale L.), hard red spring (HRS) wheat, Canada prairie spring (CPS) wheat, amber durum (Triticum turgidum L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under no-till systems. Over 60% of yield variability existing among site/years was due to water use or evapotranspiration (ET) in semiarid east-central Saskatchewan. Mean grain yield increased by 16.3 kg ha -1 with each millimetre of increase in ET. Barley produced 3748 kg ha -1 of grain on average, or 21% higher than winter wheat, 27% higher than CPS wheat, 39% higher than rye or durum, and 50% higher than HRS wheat. Average yields differed less than 5% between winter wheat and CPS wheat, but in water-stressed environments, CPS wheat had 19 to 34% lower grain yield than winter wheat. In one of the five cases where winter wheat was seeded much later than the recommended seeding date, CPS wheat yields were 16% higher than winter wheat. With every millimetre of increased ET, CPS or barley increased grain yield by 22 kg ha -1 , while winter wheat increased yield by 17 kg ha -1 . Winter wheat and rye had no yield differences in general, but in more moist environments, winter wheat produced higher (up to 28%) grain yield than fall rye, and in the year when winter wheat was seeded late, winter wheat yielded 11% lower than rye. As fertiliser N increased from 50 to 100 kg ha -1 , barley grain yield increased by 347 kg ha -1 , and durum grain yield increased by only 5 kg ha -1 . Winter wheat, fall rye and barley had greater WUE than the other spring cereals, but soil profile (0-120 cm) water in the spring did not differ among crops. In maximising grain yield and water use in east-central Saskatchewan, barley, winter wheat, and CPS wheat would provide the best options.

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“…Research indicates that parameters measured on excised leaves at minimum stomatal aperfure, such as the rate of water loss (RWL) (Clarke et al 1989), initial water content (McCaig and Romagosa 1989) and epidermal conductance (Muchow and Sinclair 1989), show genotypic differences and may be related to yield in dry environments. The causes of these genotypic differences are not well understood in wheat (Clarke et al 1991). From Fick's law, leaf water loss (Z) is proportional to the difference in water vapour concentration between the leaf (C) and air (C") and to the total vapour-diffusive conductance (9,):…”

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Relationship of excised-leaf water loss and stomatal frequency in wheat

Wang¹,

Clarke²

1993

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 1993. Relationship of excised-leaf water loss and stomatal frequency in wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 73: 93-99. Rate of water loss from excised leaves of wheat (Triticum spp.) is associated with adaptation to dry growing conditions, but the causes of observed genotypic differences are not well understood. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between stomatal characteristics and excised-leaf water status in tetraploid (Triticum turgidumL. var. durum) and hexaploid (Titicum aestiyum L.) wheat genotypes. Samples were taken from field and growthroom experiments to measure stomatal frequency (SF) and size, leaf water content at excision (WCs) and 30 min after excision (WC:o), rate of water loss (RWL) 30-120 min after excision, epidermal conductance GJ, and relative water content (RWC). SF was not correlated with RWL in the field experiments and was negatively correlated with WCo and WC3s in tetraploids but not in hexaploids. In the growth-room experiment, SF was positively correlated with g" 50 and 30 min after excision for tetraploid and hexaploid genotypes, respectively. SF was correlated with RWL in tetraploids (r : 0.64*, n : l2) and hexaploids (r : 0.81**, n : 12). However, there were no significant correlations between stomatal characteristics and WCs, WC36 or RWC. These results indicate that SF is perhaps one of several factors influencing genotypic differences in excised-leaf water loss. The inconsistency of this relationship may be due to the influence of other traits affecting RWL. the leaf (C) and air (C") and to the total vapour-diffusive conductance (9,):T: grGt -c) (l) where g, consists of boundary layer conductance (96) and leaf conductance (g):where 91 is composed of two parallel conductances, stomatal (9.) and cuticular (9") conductance. Thus Vaisala humidity and temperature probe (HMP 32UT). The epidermal conductance (9", mmol --t r-') was calculated by the following: g" = RllA(Ct -C^)l x 375.9 (4) where R is the rate of water loss (g s -'); ,{ is the leaf area (m1;^Cr and C" are water vapour concentrations (g m -') in the leaf and in the ambient air, respectively; and 375.9 is the conversion coefficient of conductances (from m s--l to molar units). It was assumed that Cr was at saturation and that the leaf temperature was equal to the ambient air temperature. Assuming that 96 was the same for each genotype in still air, we can use ge to represent gl. At the same time, another leaf was sampled for the measurement of stomatal conductance of the adaxial surface Go) with a steady state porometer (LiCor LI-1600, LICOR Inc., Lincoln, Nebraska). Leaf water-loss curves after excision (Fig. 1

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Effect of drought stress on residual transpiration and its relationship with water use of wheat

Cited by 47 publications

References 16 publications

A morpho-physiological approach differentiates bread wheat cultivars of contrasting tolerance under cyclic water stress

A morpho-physiological approach differentiates bread wheat cultivars of contrasting tolerance under cyclic water stress

Grain yield and water use: Relative performance of winter vs. spring cereals in east-central Saskatchewan

Relationship of excised-leaf water loss and stomatal frequency in wheat

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