Effect of Drought on Agronomic Traits of Rice and Wheat: A Meta-Analysis

Zhong

et al. 2020

IJMS

Rice (Oryza sativa) responds to various abiotic stresses during growth. Plant-specific NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2 (NAC) transcription factors (TFs) play an important role in controlling numerous vital growth and developmental processes. To date, 170 NAC TFs have been reported in rice, but their roles remain largely unknown. Herein, we discovered that the TF OsNAC006 is constitutively expressed in rice, and regulated by H2O2, cold, heat, abscisic acid (ABA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA), NaCl, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 treatments. Furthermore, knockout of OsNAC006 using the CRISPR-Cas9 system resulted in drought and heat sensitivity. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) transcriptome analysis revealed that OsNAC006 regulates the expression of genes mainly involved in response to stimuli, oxidoreductase activity, cofactor binding, and membrane-related pathways. Our findings elucidate the important role of OsNAC006 in drought responses, and provide valuable information for genetic manipulation to enhance stress tolerance in future plant breeding programs.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knockout of the OsNAC006 Transcription Factor Causes Drought and Heat Sensitivity in Rice

Zhong

et al. 2020

IJMS

“…Vulnerability of crops to drought depends on their tolerance to water stress. Zhang et al [42] reviewed the impacts of droughts on wheat yields from 60 published studies and rice yields from 55 studies. They reported that drought affects rice and wheat differently during growth stages.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Assessment of Seasonal Drought Risk to Crop Production in Bangladesh

et al. 2019

Droughts are more damaging when they occur during crop growing season. This research assessed the spatial distribution of drought risks to crops in Bangladesh. Catastrophe theory-based weighting method was used to estimate drought hazard, exposure, and risk by avoiding potential human bias. Ten major crops, including eight different types of rice, wheat, and potato, were selected for evaluation of drought risk. Results showed that 32.4%, 27.2%, and 16.2% of land in Bangladesh is prone to extreme Kharif (May-October), Rabi (November-April), and pre-Kharif (March-May) droughts, respectively. Among the major crops, Hybrid Boro rice cultivated in 18.2% of the area is found to be highly vulnerable to droughts, which is followed by High Yield Varity (HYV) Boro (16.9%), Transplant Aman (16.4%), HYV Aman (14.1%), and Basic Aman (12.4%) rice. Hybrid Boro rice in 12 districts, different varieties of Aman rice in 10 districts, and HYV Boro rice in 9 districts, mostly located in the north and northwest of Bangladesh, are exposed to high risk of droughts. High frequency of droughts and use of more land for agriculture have made the region highly prone to droughts. The methodology adopted in this study can be utilized for unbiased estimation of drought risk in agriculture in order to adopt necessary risk reduction measures.

“…Drastic climate change and increased water scarcity are challenges to global crop production [1]. Drought is one of the most important factors in uencing rice production and can lead to a 25% decrease in rice yield [2]. During rice domestication, 50-60% of alleles were lost from the nearest wild relatives of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During rice domestication, 50-60% of alleles were lost from the nearest wild relatives of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) [3,4]. Cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) is more sensitive to drought than wild rice [2,5]. Wild rice may serve as a source of superior drought tolerance alleles for cultivated rice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota community assembly in wild rice (Oryza longistaminata) in response to drought stress shows phylogenetic conservation, stochasticity, and aboveground-belowground patterns

Ding

Peng

Chen

et al. 2020

Preprint

Abstract Background Drought is a global environmental stress that limits crop yields. Microbial communities control many biogeochemical processes, and a predictive understanding of how crop microbial communities assemble in response to drought stress is central to addressing the challenges caused by drought. Little is known about the microbiome assembly processes in rice-ecosystems, particularly with regard to their environmental adaptation. Wild rice may serve as a source of superior drought tolerance candidate for rice breeding. There is an urgent need to explore wild rice resistance mechanisms to drought stress. Here, we evaluated the effect of drought stress on the microbial community recruitment and assembly in the endosphere (leaf, stem, and root) and rhizosphere of Oryza longistaminata. Results Species replacement was the dominant process shaping microbial community composition under drought stress. O. longistaminata recruited the phyla Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria, the genus Streptomyces, and phototrophic prokaryotes to improve its fitness. The host exerted strong effects on microbiome assembly, and the responses of the microbial community structure to the drought environment showed above- and belowground patterns. Drought reduced taxonomic α-diversity and destabilized co-occurrence network properties in the leaves and stems, but not in the roots and rhizosphere. Drought promoted the restructuring and strengthening of belowground network links to more strongly interconnect network properties. The drought response of the microbiome was phylogenetically conserved. Stochastic (neutral) processes acted on microbial community reassembly in response to drought stress across all four compartments. Conclusions Our results provide new insight into the mechanisms through which drought alters microbial community assembly in drought-tolerant wild rice and reveal a potential strategy for manipulating plant microbiomes to improve crop fitness.