Effect of Displacer Chemistry on Displacer Efficacy for a Sugar-Based Anion Exchange Displacer Library

Abstract

Derivatives (Scheme1). TH(PSNa) 8 was synthesized by the following procedure. To a suspension of NaH (95%, 1.76 g, 70.1 mmols) in anhydrous DMSO was added dropwise trehalose (2.5 g, 7.3 mmols) through a dropping funnel under nitrogen with magnetic stirring. The reaction mixture was heated at 50 o C for 2 hr. Into the suspension 1,3-propansultone (10.0 g, 82.0 mmols) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was heated at 50 o C for 12 hr. and 80 o C for 12 hr. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered through a fritted filter to remove any precipitate. An ethanol/water mixture (9/1) was added slowly with stirring to cause precipitation. The solid was collected, washed with a mixture of ethanol/water (9/1), and dried at 50 o C under vacuum. The product was purified further by precipitation from DMF/Water (6/1), washing with DMF, and drying under vacuum. Finally, the product was stirred in boiling methanol for 1hr., filtered and dried under vacuum at 60 o C to give 5.9 g of the desired product in 54% yield. 1 H NMR (500MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ 4.

Unique selectivity windows using selective displacers/eluents and mobile phase modifiers on hydroxyapatite

“…A Jupiter 5 m C4 300A column (4.6 mm × 50 mm) was purchased from Phenomenex (Torrance, CA). Ribonuclease A from bovine pancreas (RNaseA), ribonuclease B from bovine pancreas (RNaseB), ␣-chymotrypsinogen A from bovine pancreas (␣-ChyA), cytochrome C from equine heart (CytC), lysozyme from chicken egg white (Lys), conalbumin from chicken egg white (Conal), hemoglobin from bovine blood (Hemo), myoglobin from equine heart (Myo), avidin from chicken egg white, subtilisin A from Bacillus, elastase from porcine pancreas, papain from papaya latex, bromelain from pineapple stem, alcohol dehydrogenase from equine liver, trypsinogen from bovine pancreas, catalase from bovine liver, aprotinin from bovine lung, aconitase from porcine heart, albumin from bovine serum, neomycin sulfate (displacer 1), paromomycin sulfate (2), bekanamycin sulfate (3), amikacin sulfate (4), spermine (5), bis(hexamethylene)triamine (7), spermidine (8), 1,4-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine (9), diethylenetriamine (10), 4,7,10-trioxa-1,13-tridecanediamine (11), N,Ndiethyl-1,3-propanediamine (12), N,N-diethyldiethylenetriamine (13), 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol (14), spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate (15), l-arginine methyl ester dihydrochloride (16), l-lysine methyl ester dihydrochloride (17), N-hexylethylenediamine (18), piperazine (19), cyclohexylamine (20), acetic acid (21), malonic acid (22), succinic acid (23), adipic acid (24), isocitric acid lactone (25), trans-aconitic acid (26), 1,2,4-butanetricarboxylic acid (27), 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (28), glycine (29), 3-guanidinopropionic acid (30), 5-aminovaleric acid (31), pantothenic acid (32), aspartic acid (33), l-␤-homoglutamic acid hydrochloride (34), guanidinosuccinic acid (35), l-2,3-diaminopropionic acid hydrochloride (36), lysine (37), arginine (38), meso-2,3,-diaminosuccinic acid (39), ethylenediaminetetrapropionic acid (40), glycerol (41), threitol (42), adonitol (43), dulcitol (44), malic acid (45), tartaric acid (46), mucic acid …”

“…Displacement chromatography has been successfully employed for the purification of proteins on multiple different stationary phases [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. A wide variety of classes of displacers, such as polyelectrolytes [9], polysacchardies [14], low-molecular-mass dendrimers [11], amino acids [15], antibiotics [16] and aminoglycosidepolyamines [17] have been identified for protein displacement separations. Further, the application of low-molecular-weight displacers has attracted attention due to several distinct operational advantages [8].…”

“…Mass action selective displacers typically have an affinity for the resin that lies between that of the two solutes being separated and can be readily predicted using the steric mass action formalism [23,24]. While selective displacement chromatography has been successfully employed in ion exchange systems [5,9,11,[14][15][16][17][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38], to date it has not been applied to CHA or any other multi-modal resin system.…”

Characterization and design of chemically selective cationic displacers using a robotic high‐throughput screen

“…In particular, ion exchange displacement chromatography has attracted significant attention as a powerful technique for the purification of biomolecules 7, 8, 15. A wide variety of classes of displacers, such as polyelectrolytes,8 polysaccharides,16 low‐molecular‐mass dendrimers,10 amino acids,17 antibiotics,18 and aminoglycoside‐polyamines,19 have been identified for protein separations in ion‐exchange systems. Further, the application of low‐molecular‐mass displacers has attracted attention due to several distinct operational advantages 7…”

To catch a thief: Opening a CTO and its effect on the contralateral donor artery FFR

“…Mass action selective displacers operate by having an affinity for the resin which lies between that of the two solutes being separated, and their efficacy can be readily predicted using the steric mass action formalism (Brooks and Cramer, 1992, 1996). While selective displacement chromatography has been successfully employed in ion exchange systems (Barnthouse et al, 1998; Gadam and Cramer, 1994; Gallant et al, 1996; Jayaraman et al, 1993, 1995; Kundu et al, 1995, 1997; Ladiwala et al, 2003; Liu et al, 2006; Mazza et al, 2002; Moore et al, 2005; Rege et al, 2004; Shukla et al, 1998; Tugcu et al, 2002, 2003), to date only a preliminary study has been carried out in hydroxyapatite resin systems (Morrison et al, 2010).…”