Effect of Dispersion Solvent on the Deposition of PVP-Silver Nanoparticles onto DBD Plasma-Treated Polyamide 6,6 Fabric and Its Antimicrobial Efficiency

Ribeiro, Ana Isabel; Modić, Martina; Cvelbar, Uroš; Dinescu, G.; Mitu, B.; Nikiforov, Anton; Leys, Christophe; Kuchakova, I.; Vrieze, Mike De; Felgueiras, Helena P.; Souto, A. Pedro; Zille, Andrea

doi:10.3390/nano10040607

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…The majority of the samples had mass balance closure within ± 10% of the as received mask data. Given well-documented potential heterogeneities of metal application in the mask fibers themselves 40 , this high mass closure validates our experimental methods. We note that the mass closures for the single detergent cycle are highly variable (between 31 and 106%), due likely to both metal distribution heterogeneity and the rinse cycles used.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Metal leaching from antimicrobial cloth face masks intended to slow the spread of COVID-19

Pollard

Karod

Goldfarb

2021

Sci Rep

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Global health organizations recommend the use of cloth face coverings to slow the spread of COVID-19. Seemingly overnight, companies whose primary business is in no way related to healthcare or personal protective equipment—from mattresses manufacturers to big box stores—transitioned into the “mask business.” Many companies advertise antimicrobial masks containing silver, copper, or other antimicrobials. Often, the techniques used to load such antimicrobials onto mask fibers are undisclosed, and the potential for metal leaching from these masks is yet unknown. We exposed nine so-called “antimicrobial” face masks (and one 100% cotton control mask) to deionized water, laundry detergent, and artificial saliva to quantify the leachable silver and copper that may occur during mask washing and wearing. Leaching varied widely across manufacturer, metal, and leaching solution, but in some cases was as high as 100% of the metals contained in the as-received mask after 1 h of exposure.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Metal leaching from antimicrobial cloth face masks intended to slow the spread of COVID-19

Pollard

Karod

Goldfarb

2021

Sci Rep

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“…These results suggest that with the AgNPs deposition by spray, the agglomeration was independent of the DBD plasma treatment and chitosan layer, it is only related to the initial AgNPs dispersion in ethanol. Previous DLS studies showed that 20 nm polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated AgNPs ethanol dispersions, at the same concentration, present some agglomeration with an average size of 281.0 ± 1.5 nm [12]. The final chitosan layer is clearly visible mainly when the higher magnification is applied (Figure 1d).…”

Section: Semmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…DBD plasma-treated samples showed the same peaks and another new peak at 289.3 eV attributed to O-C=O bonds, evidencing the introduction of novel oxygen species by DBD plasma treatment [15]. PA66 composites with both DBD plasma treatment and Ch layers showed an additional minor peak at 283.2 eV attributed to C-C/C=C bonds due to the interactios between silver ions and chitosan hydrocarbons [12,16,17]. The O1s spectra showed three peaks attributed to O=C (531.4 eV), HO-C bonds (533.0 eV) and O-C=O (533.9 eV).…”

Section: Xpsmentioning

confidence: 79%

DBD Plasma treatment and chitosan layers - A green method for stabilization of silver nanoparticles on polyamide 6,6

Ribeiro

Modić

Cvelbar

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the First International Conference on “Green” Polymer Materials 2020

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The addition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to biomedical textiles can be of great interest to protect the materials against microorganisms and prevent their spread. However, the human and environmental over-exposure to AgNPs is leading to numerous concerns due to their toxicity. In this work, AgNPs were stabilized onto polyamide 6.6 fabrics (PA66) through atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma treatment and the use of chitosan (Ch) layers applied by spray. DBD plasma treatment revealed a crucial role in AgNPs adhesion (4.8 and 6.3 At%). A first layer of Ch decreased the AgNPs adhesion in both untreated and DBD plasma-treated samples but treated samples show higher concentration (1.7 and 4.1 At%). The antibacterial activity was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli after 2 and 24 h, showing a superior action in all samples with DBD plasma treatment after 24 h. The Ch in the first layers of the composites delayed the antimicrobial action of the samples but it also may enhance antimicrobial action. The obtained coatings will allow the development of novel and safe wound dressings with improved AgNPs deposition, controlled ions released and consequently, manage the antimicrobial performance and minimize the AgNPs side effects.

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“…Thus, the probability of the positively charged AgNPs being immobilized in the negative and thicker peptidoglycan layer of S. aureus bacteria is much higher than in E. coli . This suggests that the antimicrobial effect is controlled by the capability of the silver ions and AgNPs to disrupt the bacterial cell wall [ 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of Silver Nanoparticles on Polyester Fabric Using Organo-Matrices for Controlled Antimicrobial Performance

et al. 2022

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Antimicrobial textiles are helpful tools to fight against multidrug-resistant pathogens and nosocomial infections. The deposition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) onto textiles has been studied to achieve antimicrobial properties. Yet, due to health and environmental safety concerns associated with such formulations, processing optimizations have been introduced: biocompatible materials, environmentally friendly agents, and delivery platforms that ensure a controlled release. In particular, the functionalization of polyester (PES) fabric with antimicrobial agents is a formulation in high demand in medical textiles. However, the lack of functional groups on PES fabric hinders the development of cost-effective, durable systems that allow a controlled release of antimicrobial agents. In this work, PES fabric was functionalized with AgNPs using one or two biocompatible layers of chitosan or hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO). The addition of organo-matrices stabilized the AgNPs onto the fabrics, protected AgNPs from further oxidation, and controlled their release. In addition, the layered samples were efficient against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The sample with two layers of chitosan showed the highest efficacy against S. aureus (log reduction of 2.15 ± 1.08 after 3 h of contact). Against E. coli, the sample with two layers of chitosan showed the best properties. Chitosan allowed to control the antimicrobial activity of AgNPs, avoid the complete loss of AgNPs after washings and act in synergy with AgNPs. After 3 h of incubation, this sample presented a log reduction of 4.81, and 7.27 of log reduction after 5 h of incubation. The antimicrobial results after washing showed a log reduction of 3.47 and 4.88 after 3 h and 5 h of contact, respectively. Furthermore, the sample with a final layer of HMDSO also presented a controlled antimicrobial effect. The antimicrobial effect was slower than the sample with just an initial layer of HMDSO, with a log reduction of 4.40 after 3 h of incubation (instead of 7.22) and 7.27 after 5 h. The biocompatibility of the composites was confirmed through the evaluation of their cytotoxicity towards HaCaT cells (cells viability > 96% in all samples). Therefore, the produced nanocomposites could have interesting applications in medical textiles once they present controlled antimicrobial properties, high biocompatibility and avoid the complete release of AgNPs to the environment.

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Effect of Dispersion Solvent on the Deposition of PVP-Silver Nanoparticles onto DBD Plasma-Treated Polyamide 6,6 Fabric and Its Antimicrobial Efficiency

Cited by 24 publications

References 57 publications

Metal leaching from antimicrobial cloth face masks intended to slow the spread of COVID-19

Metal leaching from antimicrobial cloth face masks intended to slow the spread of COVID-19

DBD Plasma treatment and chitosan layers - A green method for stabilization of silver nanoparticles on polyamide 6,6

Stabilization of Silver Nanoparticles on Polyester Fabric Using Organo-Matrices for Controlled Antimicrobial Performance

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