Effect of disodium fumarate on microbial abundance, ruminal fermentation and methane emission in goats under different forage : concentrate ratios

Abstract

<jats:p>This study investigated the effects of disodium fumarate (DF) on methane emission, ruminal fermentation and microbial abundance in goats under different forage (F) : concentrate (C) ratios and fed according to maintenance requirements. Four ruminally fistulated, castrated male goats were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments and the main factors being the F : C ratios (41 : 59 or 58 : 42) and DF supplementation (0 or 10 g/day). DF reduced methane production (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt; 0.05) on average by 11.9%, irrespective of the F : C ratio. The concentrations of total volatile fatty acids, acetate and propionate were greater in the rumen of goats supplemented with DF (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt; 0.05), whereas the abundance of methanogens was lower (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt; 0.05). In high-forage diets, the abundance of<jats:italic>Selenomonas ruminantium</jats:italic>, a fumarate-reducing bacterium, was greater in the rumen of goats supplemented with DF. The abundance of fungi, protozoa,<jats:italic>Ruminococus flavefaciens</jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Fibrobacter succinogenes</jats:italic>were not affected by the addition of DF. Variable F : C ratios affected the abundance of methanogens, fungi and<jats:italic>R</jats:italic>.<jats:italic>flavefaciens</jats:italic>(<jats:italic>P</jats:italic>&lt; 0.05), but did not affect methane emission. The result implied that DF had a beneficial effect on the<jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic>rumen fermentation of the goats fed diets with different F : C ratios and that this effect were not a direct action on anaerobic fungi, protozoa and fibrolytic bacteria, the generally recognized fiber-degrading and hydrogen-producing microorganisms, but due to the stimulation of fumarate-reducing bacteria and the depression of methanogens.</jats:p>

Effects of dietary forage-to-concentrate ratio on nutrient digestibility and enteric methane production in growing goats (Capra hircus hircus) and Sika deer (Cervus nippon hortulorum)

“…Structural carbohydrate-rich diet causes greater production of enteric CH 4 than non-fiber carbohydrate-rich diet in dairy cows [4] because the diet containing large amounts of non-fiber carbohydrates derives propionate production in the rumen, thereby inhibiting rumen methanogen growth [30]. However, some studies for goats showed that the dietary F:C ratio did not affect CH 4 (g/d) emission [10,31]. According to the morphophysiological classification of Hofmann [32], goats and Sika deer were intermediate type and concentrate eaters, respectively, whereas cattle and sheep were grass/roughage eaters.…”

Monensin and Nisin Affect Rumen Fermentation and Microbiota Differently In Vitro

“…After gas measurement at each time point, 30 μL of gas sample was drawn out immediately from each bottle using a gastight syringe to determine methane concentrations using gas chromatography (GC-2014, Shimadzu, Japan) (Yang et al, 2012). At the end of the 24 h of incubation, the pH value of each in vitro culture was measured immediately using a portable pH-meter (Ecoscan pH 5, Eutech Instruments, Singapore).…”

Effect of Gynosaponin on Rumen &lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; Methanogenesis under Different Forage-Concentrate Ratios

“…Real-time quantitative PCR was performed using the ABI 7300 real-time PCR system (Applied Biosystems, Foster, California, USA). Reaction mixture, amplification conditions and performing progresses were conducted by the method of Yang et al (2012).…”