Effect of Diquat on Uptake of Copper in Aquatic Plants

Sutton, David; Weldon, L. W.; Blackburn, Robin

doi:10.1017/s0043174500034585

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These authors demonstrated that hydrilla treated with 1 ppmw of diquat plus 2 ppmw copper ion absorbed 176% more diquat than plants treated with 1 ppmw of diquat alone. In other studies it was found that hydrilla treated with 1 ppmw of both copper and diquat contained as much as 1,712 ppmw more copper than plants treated with copper alone (9). One significant aspect of the former study was the finding that the uptake of diquat by hydrilla was not enhanced until the level of copper ion in solu-tion reached approximately 0.5 ppmw.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Combinations of Diquat and Several Cations for Control of Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata)

1979

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Numerous cations were evaluated as possible substitutes for copper in mixtures with diquat (6,7-dihydrodipyrido[1,2-α:2′,1′-c] pyrazinediium ion) for control of hydrilla [Hydrilla verticillata(L.f.) Royle]. Several cations, including ferrous and ferric iron, when substituted for equal weights of copper in the mixtures, were as effective as copper in enhancing the phytotoxicity of diquat to hydrilla. In most instances, death of the test plants occurred more rapidly when the substitutes were used. Ferric chloride, because of its apparent innocuous behavior in the aquatic environment, is a desirable substitute for the more toxic copper. Bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirusRAf.) were unaffected by week-long exposure to ferric chloride at concentrations as high as 100 ppmw. Since ferric chloride alone exhibited no toxicity to hydrilla in the range of concentrations tested, the greater phytotoxicity of the mixtures probably was due to the increased toxicity of diquat. In evaluations using other species of aquatic weeds, neither the addition of copper nor the addition of other cations increased the phytotoxicity of diquat. In most tests, the mixtures of diquat with other cations reduced the level of activity of diquat on weeds other than hydrilla.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Combinations of Diquat and Several Cations for Control of Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata)

1979

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“…Hydrilla was cultured and treated in a controlled environment as described by Sutton, Weldon & Blackburn (1970). In this study sodium bicarbonate was added to the nutrient solution at a concentration of 50 ppmw bicarbonate at the beginning ofthe growth period, except in the 4-day treatment with CSP at 0-25-16-0 ppmw of copper.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake of Copper in Hydrilla*

Sutton

Blackburn

1971

Weed Research

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Summary. A linear increase from 933 to 15,943 ppmw of copper occurred in hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata Casp.) 4 days after treatment with copper sulphate pentahydrate (CUSO4. 5H2O, CSP) at 0·5–4·0 ppmw of copper. Neither increase in calcium levels to 0·8 MM in the ambient solution nor aeration affected the amount of copper in excised hydrilla tissue during a 24‐h treatment period with CSP at 1·0 ppmw of copper. Part of the accumulated copper appeared to be bound in hydrilla. A higher accumulation of copper occurred after treatment with an organic copper complex (cutrine) than with either CSP or copper chloride (CuCI2.2H2O, at 1·0 ppmw of copper. This high accumulation with cutrine appeared to be related principally to the amount of copper remaining in the treatment solution.

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“…Hydrilla was cultured in a controlled environment and treated with herbicides as described by Sutton et al (1970). In this study sodium bicarbonate was added to the nutrient solution at a concentration of 50 ppmw of bicarbonate at the beginning of the growth period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies (Sutton, Weldon & Blackburn, 1970) have shown that more copper was present in hydrilla, egeria {Egeria densa Planch.) and southern naiad {JVajas guadalupensis Spreng.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Herbicides on the Uptake of Copper in Hydrilla*

1971

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Combinations of copper sulphate pentahydrate (GSP) at 1 -0 ppmw of copper with diquat, paraquat, ametryne, atrazine, terbutryne or 2,4-D at certain concentrations and contact times increased the copper content in hydrilla {Hydrilla verticillata Gasp.) in comparison with CSP alone. Combinations of CSP with fenac, dichlobenil, diuron, an amine salt of endothal or dinitrophenol had no effect on copper uptake. CSP plus 1 -0 ppmw of ametryne exhibited a synergistic response on hydrilla as determined by dry weight, and was associated with a high concentration of copper. Phosphorus levels in hydrilla were reduced by diquat and paraquat. Hydrilla treated with CSP plus 0-1 ppmw of paraquat contained 32-4% less phosphorus than plants treated with paraquat alone. The phytotoxic effect of certain of these combinations on hydrilla may be due principally to an increased accumulation of copper and a reduction in phosphorus content. Influence des herbicides sur l'absorption du cuivre par I'hydrillaResum^. Des associations de sulfate de cuivre pentahydrate (SCP) k raison de 1 ppm (en poids) de cuivre avec du diquat, du paraquat, de l'am^tryne, de I'atrazine, de la terbutryne ou du 2,4-D a diverses concentrations et pendant des dur^es de contact variees, ont accru la teneur en cuivre de I'hydrilla {Hydrilla verticillata Casp.) par rapport au SCP employ^ seul. Des associations de SCP avec du f^nac, du dichlobenil, du diuron, un sei d'amine de I'endothal ou du dinitroph^nol n'eurent pas d'effet sur l'absorption du cuivre. Le SCP plus 1,0 ppm (en poids) d'am^tryne manifesterent sur hydrilla une action synerg^tique, ^valu^e en mesurant le poids sec, et furent assocife a une concentration en cuivre eiev^e. La teneur en phosphore de I'hydrilla fut r^duite par le diquat et le paraquat. L'hydrilla trait6 avec le SCP plus 0,1 ppm (en poids) de paraquat contenant 32,4% de moins de phosphore que les plantes trait^es avec du paraquat seul. L'effet phytotoxique de certaines de ces associations sur I'hydrilla pourrait etre du principalement a une accumulation plus abondante du cuivre accompagnte d'une reduction du phosphore. Der Einfluss von Herbiziden auf die Kupferaufnahme durch Hydrilla verticillata Zusammenfassung. Kombinationen von Kupfersulfat-5-hydrat in einer Konzentration von 1,0 ppm (Gewicht) mit Diquat, Paraquat, Ametryn, Atrazin, Terbutryn oder 2,4-D bewirkten bei bestimmten Konzentrationen und Einwirkungszeiten eine Erhohung des Kupfergehaltes von Hydrilla verticillata Casp. im Vergleich zu der Behandlung mit Kupfersulfat-5-hydrat alleine. Kombinationen von Kupfersulfat-5-hydrat mit Fenac, Dichlobenil, Diuron, einem Ammoniumsalz von Endothal oder Dinitrophenol hatten keinen Einfluss auf die Kupferaufnahme. Die Kombination von Kupfersulfat-5-hydrat mit 1,0 ppm (Gewicht) Ametryn zeigte eine synergistische Wirkung auf Hydrilla verticillata, wie die Bestimmung der Trockenmasse ergab, und war von einer hohen Kupferkonzentration begleitet. Diquat und Paraquat erniedrigten den Phosphorgehalt. Pflanzen, die KupfersuIfat-5-hydrat kombiniert...

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Effect of Diquat on Uptake of Copper in Aquatic Plants

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

Combinations of Diquat and Several Cations for Control of Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata)

Combinations of Diquat and Several Cations for Control of Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata)

Uptake of Copper in Hydrilla*

Influence of Herbicides on the Uptake of Copper in Hydrilla*

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