Effect of digital livestock system on animal behavior and welfare,and fatty acid profiles of egg in laying hens

Impact of the Combination of Probiotics and Digital Poultry System on Behavior, Welfare Parameters, and Growth Performance in Broiler Chicken

“…Renewed interest in the application effects of a digital poultry system along with probiotics has gained global attention in recent years owing to the convergence of livestock and ICT tools as sustainable livestock farming strategies in response to climate change [ 1 , 2 , 9 , 11 ]. The main goal of this study was to identify the biological mechanisms of the growth performances, behaviors, and welfare of broiler chickens reared by the combination of a probiotic and a digital poultry system.…”

“…These observations support our results, but studies on the growth performances of broiler chickens reared under the combined system have not been reported yet. Since the combination of a probiotics and a digital poultry system helped improve the growth performance of broiler chickens, it can be considered as a molecular mechanism related to animal biomarkers through balanced immune organ indexes, such as the spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius, as well as the serum IgG, corticosterone, H/L ratio, and cecal bacteria [ 3 , 9 , 14 , 27 ] ( Table 3 , Table 4 and Table 5 ). The fact that the corticosterone level was highest in the CON group may be attributable to physiological changes in the broiler chickens due to insufficient basic animal management techniques, such as environmental temperature, humidity, ventilation, and maintenance of dietary intake and water supply [ 4 , 5 , 9 , 14 , 15 ].…”

“…Until recently, little has been reported in the literature about the biological mechanism of the combination of a probiotics and a digital poultry system for improving animal behavioral welfare such as drinking, eating, locomotion, grooming, resting, and also foot pads, hock burns, plumage, and gait scores, in addition to growth performance such as body weight, feed intake, and the feed conversion ratio of broiler chickens [ 6 , 9 , 10 , 18 ].…”

In Vivo Monitoring of Glycerolipid Metabolism in Animal Nutrition Biomodel-Fed Smart-Farm Eggs

“…T3 was designed to compare the partitioning effect on glycerolipid metabolism when pork belly fat and egg yolk were alternately consumed every week versus the results of eating egg yolk and pork belly fat alone. Egg yolk (smart-farm egg yolk) was used in here and was isolated from eggs that were produced by a digital livestock system [ 9 ]. The levels of oral administration of egg yolk and pork belly fat were determined to be plateaued when the level of blood lipids was no longer reduced when egg yolk and pork belly fat were orally administered by conducting a preliminary experiment (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g oral administration).…”

“…Eggs have been described to lower blood lipids in a number of references to specific findings or major research articles [see above]. Recently, as smart-farm technology spreads, consumers’ interest in the nutrition of smart-farm eggs (eggs produced by a digital livestock system) is increasing, and studies have also reported on a biochemical metabolic pathway that lowers blood lipids in an animal nutritional biomodel [ 9 ]. However, the molecular mechanism for hepatic glycerolipid partitioning on reducing blood lipids in an animal biomodel fitted with a jugular-vein cannula after being fed smart-farm eggs is unknown.…”