Effect of Different Vegetable Oils on Growth and Fatty Acid Profile of Rohu (Labeo rohita, Hamilton); Evaluation of a Return Fish Oil Diet to Restore Human Cardio-protective Fatty Acids

Abstract

Two experiments in the sequential order were conducted to determine the effects of different dietary lipid sources on the growth and fatty acid composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) and to examine the viability of a return fish oil finisher diet in restoring the human cardio-protective fatty acid profile. In the first experiment, fish were fed either with coconut oil (D1), olive oil (D2), sunflower oil (D3), linseed oil (D4) and fish oil (D5) as the main lipid source in the isonitrogenous diet for 90 days. No significant differences in growth were observed. Among the experimental diets moisture content of fish varied significantly (p<0.05) between the groups. Dietary lipid sources had a profound influence on the fatty acid profile of the muscle and liver as tissue fatty acid profile reflected the dietary fatty acid composition. Increased amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were observed in tissue of fish fed D4 and arachidonic acid was observed in the tissue of fish fed D3. We have also detected the metabolites of n-3 and n-6 pathway in D4 and D3 groups respectively, which prompted us to conclude that rohu, can desaturate and elongate C 18 essential fatty acids to C 20 and C 22 HUFA. A second feeding trial was conducted using the animals from the five different treatment groups for the duration of 30 days with fish oil rich diet (D5). Feeding with fish-oil rich washout diet resulted in the near equalization of all the other treatment groups tissue fatty acid profiles to that of fish oil (D5) fed group. These results indicate that a finishing fish oil diet can be effectively used to restore the human cardioprotective fatty acid profile in rohu fed with vegetable oils as lipid source.

Growth Performance, Fatty Acid Composition, Peroxisome Proliferator‐activated Receptors Gene Expressions, and Antioxidant Abilities of Blunt Snout Bream, Megalobrama amblycephala, Fingerlings Fed Different Dietary Oil Sources

“…This suggested that SO, CO, PeO, and PaO could be considered potential oils for replacement of FO in diets for blunt snout bream fingerlings. These results were in accordance with a number of previous studies of several freshwater species including white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus (Xu et al ), Murray cod, Maccullochella peelii peelii (Francis et al ), and Rohu, Labeo rohita (Karanth et al ). Although no significant differences in growth performance of fish among different experimental groups were found in this study, we thought significant differences in BWG and FCR among the different groups might be observed if this trial could be continued for a longer time.…”

Effects of dietary lipid sources on growth performance, fatty acid composition and hepatic lipid metabolism of juvenile blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala

“…Considered in terms of survival and growth, LO, SO, CO, RO and BT could be considered potential replacement oils for dietary FO. Similar results have been reported for other freshwater fish species including the rohu, Labeo rohita (Karanth, Sharma, Pal, & Venkateshwarlu, ), beluga sturgeon, Huso huso (Hosseini & Kenari, ), and largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides (Subhadra et al., ) with no significant differences observed in growth between different lipid sources. Li et al.…”

Effect of Algae Based Diets on Growth Performance, Body Composition and Fatty Acid Profile of Indian Major Carp, Rohu Labeo Rohita, Hamilton)

“…In rohu an increased level of accumulation of EPA and arachidonic acid (20:4n6) over their respective initial level in liver and muscle at 21°C and 32°C suggested bio-transformation of the parent FAs of these series (Samantaray and Mishra, 2004). Karanth et al (2009) reported high deposition of linolenic acid (18:3n3) and EPA in rohu liver feeding with high linolenic acid diet. In the present study on rohu, the dietary 18:3n3 of control and algal diets could induce higher liver EPA level.…”

“…The FA of rohu and other freshwater fishes were studied by several authors (Ackman et al, 2002;Prabhakara Rao et al, 2010, Jakhar et al, 2012. Changes in growth performance and FA profile of rohu were reported due to the effect of different vegetable oils (Karanth et al, 2009) and due to the different levels of dietary n-3 (Chittem and Kunda, 2013). In both these studies rohu FA profile is found to be affected by the diet.…”