Effect of different types of industrial wastewater on the bacterial community of urban rivers

Abstract

Although the health of rivers is threatened by multiple anthropogenic stressors with increasing frequency, the impacts of different types of industrial pollution with regard to the structure and diversity of the bacterial community in the river have not been fully recorded. In order to study the composition and interaction of bacterial communities and co-occurrence patterns of bacterial communities in rivers polluted by different industries, we sampled the sewage outfalls of textile factory, food manufacturer, steel plant and lighting factory. The result showed that the bacterial community composition significantly differed in the rivers polluted by distinct types of industrial pollution. In addition, correlation-based network analysis showed that the microbial under different industrial pollution types have a nonrandom modular structure, and the nodes in the different modules perform different functions. In summary, adaptive changes in the composition of bacterial communities in rivers and the occurrence of species interactions are responses to different types of industrial pollution.

Pollution profile of waterborne bacterial and fungal community in urban Rivers of Pearl River estuary: Microbial safety assessment

“…Total nitrogen (TN), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and heavy metals were the main drivers that affected the diversity of the bacterial community in Maozhou River under anthropogenic disturbances (Ouyang et al 2020). On the other hand, principal health risks are associated with waterborne pathogenic microorganisms from anthropogenic discharges, including domestic sewage, industrial wastes, hospital effluents, and urban/agricultural runoffs (Cui et al 2019;Wu et al 2019;Al Salah et al 2020;Zhang et al 2021). For instance, the bacteria Vibrio cholerae found in domestic sewage can result in severe gastroenteritis, which causes dehydration and death (Moehling et al 2020).…”

Comprehensive Review on Waste Water Treatment Technologies with Special Emphasize on Biological Treatments

“…Aerobic biodegradation is a degradation process which requires the presence of oxygen. Here enzymes namely oxygenase and peroxidase are involved in digestion of molecules 13,18 . These enzymes are produced by bacteria as well as fungi.…”

“…Polluted water or contaminated water may be defined as water containing excessive hazardous substances or compounds which makes it unsuitable for cooking, drinking, bathing and other uses [8][9][10] . Pollution of water is mainly caused by human activity and release of the pollutants from industrial dumps, oil spillages, chemical waste, pesticides, sewage leakages, heavy metals, animal wastes, worn sediments, littering, chemical fertilizers, herbicides etc [11][12][13][14][15] . Wastewater discharged from various sectors can be broadly classified into many different types like domestic wastewater, agricultural wastewater, sewage wastewater, storm run-off wastewater, and industrial wastewater.…”

“…The parameters are being set based on the quantity of pollutants which can be safely incorporated in specific water bodies. For example, Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) in Europe, the total maximum daily load (TMDL) in US Clean Water Act, and the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in India, have set minimum acceptable standards for the disposal of industrial and municipal wastes [11][12][13][14][15][16] . To minimize the pollution many treatment plants are also developed where use of chemical, electrochemical, biological and physical processes converts the water into potable water 22, 23 .…”