Effect of different scenarios for selective dry-cow therapy on udder health, antimicrobial usage, and economics

Scherpenzeel, C.G.M.; Uijl, I. E. M. Den; Schaik, G. van; Riekerink, R. G. M. O.; Hogeveen, H.; Lam, T.J.G.M.

doi:10.3168/jds.2015-9963

Cited by 68 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…The standard practice has long been to treat all quarters from all cows (blanket approach) (Smith et al, 1967). Several countries have now opted for treatment only of quarters with previous risk for mastitis in the new lactation (e.g., high somatic cell count or positivity to culture) (Scherpenzeel et al, 2016). Concerns have been raised for the possible impact of the blanket approach on the selection of antibiotic resistance bacteria (Oliver and Murinda, 2012).…”

Section: Does Antibiotherapy Influence the Milk Microbiota Resistome?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Microbiota: What Are We Exactly Talking About?

et al. 2020

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The development of powerful sequencing techniques has allowed, albeit with some biases, the identification and inventory of complex microbial communities that inhabit different body sites or body fluids, some of which were previously considered sterile. Notably, milk is now considered to host a complex microbial community with great diversity. Milk microbiota is now well documented in various hosts. Based on the growing literature on this microbial community, we address here the question of what milk microbiota is. We summarize and compare the microbial composition of milk in humans and in ruminants and address the existence of a putative core milk microbiota. We discuss the factors that contribute to shape the milk microbiota or affect its composition, including host and environmental factors as well as methodological factors, such as the sampling and sequencing techniques, which likely introduce distortion in milk microbiota analysis. The roles that milk microbiota are likely to play in the mother and offspring physiology and health are presented together with recent data on the hypothesis of an enteromammary pathway. At last, this fascinating field raises a series of questions, which are listed and commented here and which open new research avenues.

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Section: Does Antibiotherapy Influence the Milk Microbiota Resistome?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Microbiota: What Are We Exactly Talking About?

et al. 2020

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“…Individual SCC from a composite milk sample taken at the last milk recording before dry-off became the main selection criterion for the use of antimicrobials at dry-off (see Appendix for details). The SCC thresholds used in the guideline were based on the results of a deterministic modeling study by Scherpenzeel et al (2016a) and were expected to result in an optimal tradeoff between reduced use of antimicrobials associated with udder health (DCT and mastitis therapy) versus minimal increased risk of new IMI after the dry period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of reduced intramammary antimicrobial use during the dry period on udder health in Dutch dairy herds

Vanhoudt

Hees-Huijps²,

Knegsel

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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Dry cow therapy (DCT) in the Netherlands changed from mainly blanket to selective antimicrobial DCT. This transition was supported by a national guideline, with the individual somatic cell count (SCC) at the last milk recording before dry-off as the main selection criterion for antimicrobial DCT. The aim of this retrospective observational study is to evaluate the SCC dynamics during the dry period at the herd and individual dry period level following the national transition from mainly blanket to selective antimicrobial DCT. At the herd level, we used 2 data sets to evaluate the SCC dynamics during the dry period: (1) a national data set containing 3,493 herds with data available from 2011 through 2015 and (2) a veterinary practice data set containing 280 herds with data available from 2013 through 2015. The herd level analysis was carried out using key performance indicators provided via milk recording (CRV, Arnhem, the Netherlands): the percentage of cows that developed a new intramammary infection (IMI) during the dry period and the percentage of cows cured of an IMI during the dry period. The effect of DCT at individual dry period level was analyzed with a mixed-effects logistic regression model based on 4,404 dry periods from 2,638 cows in 20 herds within the veterinary practice data set. For these 20 herds, individual SCC data from milk recordings and individual cow DCT were available from 2013 through 2015. No significant changes were observed to the SCC dynamics during the dry period at the herd level. The percentage of cows that developed a new IMI during the dry period ranged between 16 and 18%, and the percentage of cows cured from an IMI during the dry period ranged between 74 and 76%. At the individual dry period level, a low SCC at the first milk recording following a dry period was associated with the use of intramammary antimicrobial DCT with or without the concurrent use of an intramammary teat sealer [odds ratio (OR) = 2.16 and OR = 2.07, respectively], the use of DCT with an intramammary teat sealer only (OR = 1.35), and a low SCC at the last milk recording before dry-off (OR = 1.78). This study demonstrates that the selection of cows for DCT without antimicrobials based on SCC thresholds at the last milk recording is possible without significant changes to udder health and reduced the use of antimicrobials.

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“…Also, recently, the European Commission Notice 299/04 recommended avoiding routine treatment of cows at dry-off (European Commission, 2015). The success of selective DCT and the effect on udder health depends on the accuracy [i.e., sensitivity and specificity of the selection procedure of the infected quarters/cows (Scherpenzeel et al, 2016)]. Identification of cows or quarters (or both) needing treatment at dry-off can be based on different criteria [e.g., individual cow SCC data and clinical mastitis history (Bradley et al, 2010;Rajala-Schultz et al, 2011), or on-farm milk culturing (Cameron et al, 2013)].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Identification of cows or quarters (or both) needing treatment at dry-off can be based on different criteria [e.g., individual cow SCC data and clinical mastitis history (Bradley et al, 2010;Rajala-Schultz et al, 2011), or on-farm milk culturing (Cameron et al, 2013)]. In recent years, in some countries, such as in the Netherlands and Germany, selective DCT (Scherpenzeel et al, 2016) and use of ITS (Krömker et al, 2014) have been promoted as an alternative to blanket DCT. However, a recent study reported that in Germany, 79.6% of commercial farms used blanket DCT, and 64.9% of all antibiotic DCT were carried out without previous bacteriological examination (Bertulat et al, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short communication: Drying-off practices and use of dry cow therapy in Finnish dairy herds

Vilar

Hovinen

Simojoki

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objective of this study was to survey drying-off practices and use of dry cow therapy (DCT) in Finland through an online questionnaire. The questionnaire was accessible to all dairy farmers of the Finnish dairy herd recording system in 2016 (approximately 5,400 farms). In total, 715 dairy producers across the country, representative of the Finnish dairy industry, participated in the survey. Cows were dried off gradually in most of the farms. Most farms (78%) reported using selective DCT, whereas 9% of farms did not use any DCT, and 13% of farms applied blanket DCT. A significant trend was observed with increasing herd size and proportion of farms using blanket DCT. Percentage of farms using blanket DCT was also higher in farms with automatic milking system. Farmer's own experience was the most commonly reported reason for choosing a particular approach to DCT. Microbiological testing of milk samples at dry-off was the preferred method of selecting cows for DCT; 82 and 64% of farms using selective and blanket DCT approach, respectively, reported testing milk samples before treatment. The second most common criteria for using antibiotic DCT were clinical mastitis history and high somatic cell count. A high number of farms using selective DCT reported treating only up to one-fourth of their cows at dry-off. Information acquired on drying-off practices in Finland allows for future monitoring of prudent antimicrobial usage at dry-off.

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Effect of different scenarios for selective dry-cow therapy on udder health, antimicrobial usage, and economics

Cited by 68 publications

References 33 publications

Milk Microbiota: What Are We Exactly Talking About?

Milk Microbiota: What Are We Exactly Talking About?

Effects of reduced intramammary antimicrobial use during the dry period on udder health in Dutch dairy herds

Short communication: Drying-off practices and use of dry cow therapy in Finnish dairy herds

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