Effect of Different Obesogenic Diets on Pancreatic Histology in Ossabaw Miniature Swine

Fullenkamp, Allison M.; Bell, Lauren N.; Robbins, Reiesha D.; Lee, Lydia; Saxena, Romil; Alloosh, Mouhamad; Klaunig, James E.; Mirmira, Raghavendra G.; Sturek, Michael; Chalasani, Naga

doi:10.1097/mpa.0b013e3182061583

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Additionally, animal studies have observed that fructose intake may play a role in the development of local fat depots. [55][56][57] To date, however, no study in humans has examined the effects of sugar on local ectopic depots, including such sites as the kidney, pancreas, heart, and blood vessels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential link between excess added sugar intake and ectopic fat: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Karlsen

Chung

et al. 2015

Nutr Rev

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Context: The effect of added sugar intake on ectopic fat accumulation is a subject of debate. Objective: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to examine the potential effect of added sugar intake on ectopic fat depots. Data Sources: MEDLINE, CAB Abstracts, CAB Global Health, and EBM (Evidence-Based Medicine) Reviews -Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for studies published from 1973 to September 2014. Data Extraction: RCTs with a minimum of 6 days' duration of added sugar exposure in the intervention group were selected. The dosage of added sugar intake as a percentage of total energy was extracted or calculated. Means and standard deviations of pre-and post-test measurements or changes in ectopic fat depots were collected. Data Synthesis: Fourteen RCTs were included. Most of the studies had a medium to high risk of bias. Meta-analysis showed that, compared with eucaloric controls, subjects who consumed added sugar under hypercaloric conditions likely increased ectopic fat, particularly in the liver (pooled standardized mean difference ¼ 0.9 [95%CI, 0.6-1.2], n ¼ 6) and muscles (pooled SMD ¼ 0.6 [95%CI, 0.2-1.0], n ¼ 4). No significant difference was observed in liver fat, visceral adipose tissue, or muscle fat when isocaloric intakes of different sources of added sugars were compared. Conclusions: Data from a limited number of RCTs suggest that excess added sugar intake under hypercaloric diet conditions likely increases ectopic fat depots, particularly in the liver and in muscle fat. There are insufficient data to compare the effect of different sources of added sugars on ectopic fat deposition or to compare intake of added sugar with intakes of other macronutrients. Future well-designed RCTs with sufficient power and duration are needed to address the role of sugars on ectopic fat deposition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential link between excess added sugar intake and ectopic fat: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Karlsen

Chung

et al. 2015

Nutr Rev

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“…However, in Ossabaw swines, another animal model for the MetS, pancreatic steatosis was not associated with other histological abnormalities[20]. …”

Section: Clinical Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the metabolic syndrome: Nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease

Catanzaro¹,

Cuffari²,

Italia³

et al. 2016

WJG

157

132

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After the first description of fatty pancreas in 1933, the effects of pancreatic steatosis have been poorly investigated, compared with that of the liver. However, the interest of research is increasing. Fat accumulation, associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome (MetS), has been defined as “fatty infiltration” or “nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease” (NAFPD). The term “fatty replacement” describes a distinct phenomenon characterized by death of acinar cells and replacement by adipose tissue. Risk factors for developing NAFPD include obesity, increasing age, male sex, hypertension, dyslipidemia, alcohol and hyperferritinemia. Increasing evidence support the role of pancreatic fat in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, MetS, atherosclerosis, severe acute pancreatitis and even pancreatic cancer. Evidence exists that fatty pancreas could be used as the initial indicator of “ectopic fat deposition”, which is a key element of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and/or MetS. Moreover, in patients with fatty pancreas, pancreaticoduodenectomy is associated with an increased risk of intraoperative blood loss and post-operative pancreatic fistula.

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“…Swine MetS has provided insight regarding obesity-induced alterations in the central nervous system, (Karmi et al , 2010) digestive system, (Liang et al , 2015) pancreas, (Fullenkamp et al , 2011) gut microbiome, (Pedersen et al , 2013) heart, (Neeb et al , 2010) kidney, (Li et al , 2011) reproductive, (Newell-Fugate et al , 2014) and musculoskeletal (Karmi et al , 2010) systems, as well as metabolic health in the offspring. (Arentson-Lantz et al , 2014) On the other hand, the higher cost of large compared to small animals may limit the experimental sample size, and assessment of central obesity in swine is limited by missing firm standards for waist circumference or body-mass index.…”

Section: Inducing Mets In Swinementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Metabolic Syndrome

Zhang

Lerman

2016

Toxicol Pathol

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The metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes, and an important contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, occurs in nearly 35% of adults and 50% of the aging population in the United States. However, the underlying mechanisms by which MetS orchestrates and amplifies cardiovascular events remain elusive. Furthermore, traditional therapeutic strategies addressing lifestyle modifications and individual components of MetS are often unsuccessful in decreasing morbidity due to MetS. The availability of an adequate experimental platform that mimics the complexity of MetS may allow development of novel management techniques. Swine models, including domestic pigs and minipigs, have made important contributions to our understanding of many aspects of MetS. Given their similarity to human anatomy and physiology, those models may have significant predictive power for elucidating the pathophysiology of MetS in a manner applicable to humans. Moreover, experimental maneuvers and drugs can be tested in these pre-clinical models before application in patients with MetS. This review highlights the utility of the pig as an animal model for metabolic disorders, which may play a crucial role in novel drug development to optimize management of MetS.

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Effect of Different Obesogenic Diets on Pancreatic Histology in Ossabaw Miniature Swine

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Potential link between excess added sugar intake and ectopic fat: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Potential link between excess added sugar intake and ectopic fat: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Exploring the metabolic syndrome: Nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease

Investigating the Metabolic Syndrome

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