Effect of different milking intervals on the composition of cisternal and alveolar milk in dairy cows

Ayadi, Moez; Caja, G.; Such, X.; Rovai, Maristela; Albanell, Elena

doi:10.1017/s0022029904000329

Cited by 36 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…A significant increase in fat content in advanced fractions during milking observed in our study is in agreement with the study of many authors (Waldman et al, 1999;Ayadi et al, 2004;Bruckmaier et al, 2004) pointing out the higher fat content in alveolar milk as compared to cisternal milk. We could not confirm that pre-stimulation positively influenced fat content in the whole milk yield as we expected due to the better emptying of the alveolar space.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Effect of pre-stimulation on milk flow pattern and distribution of milk constituents at a quarter level

Tancin¹,

Uhrincat²,

Mačuhová³

et al. 2007

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Only the milk stored in the cisternal part of the udder is available for machine milking before milk ejection. Due to a high portion of milk stored in the alveolar part (more than 80%) the occurrence of milk ejection induced by tactile stimulation of the udder before milking is required for complete and fast milk removal. The normal milking liner pulsation also induces the milk ejection reflex during milking. However, the full milking vacuum after the removal of cisternal milk and before milk ejection causes the occurrence of bimodal milk flow curves and often a prolongation of milking time at simultaneously reduced milk flow rates (Bruckmaier and Blum, 1998) resulting in a higher risk of mastitis incidences (Rittershaus et al., 2001).The effect of tactile stimulation on the milk flow profile is mainly studied at the whole udder level (Bruckmaier and Blum, 1996). However, the most effective study to see the effects of milk ejection reflex on milk flow should be done at a quarter level (Tančin et al., 2003(Tančin et al., , 2006. Recently we have found a positive relationship between the duration of the decline phase of milk flow and somatic cell counts (Tančin et al., 2002). In the case of bimodal quarter milk flow a longer duration of the decline phase occurred as compared with non-bimodal curves (Tančin et al., 2005). However, there is no detailed study on how premilking stimulation influences the duration of the decline phase. The composition of milk including SCC changes in the course of milking (Bruckmaier et al., 2004). The milk ejection reflex induced before milking by tactile pre-stimulation could also influence the composition of milk in the course of milking. We expect that the pre-stimulation of the udder will improve the distribution of milk constituents during milking, which could be exactly described at a quarter level.The aim of this study was to investigate the milk flow patterns and the composition of milk in the Effect of pre-stimulation on milk flow pattern and distribution of milk constituents at a quarter level ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate milk flow patterns and milk composition in relation to premilking udder stimulation. The milk of one quarter of each of the sixteen cows was removed separately and in the course of milking it was divided into six fractions (P -cisternal milk during milking without stimulation and the first 300 ml during milking with pre-stimulation, 0-25%, 25-50%, 50-75%, 75-100%, 75-100%, MS-machine stripping) and into five portions (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, 100% + MS). Two milkings were performed during two consecutive evening milkings with or without manual stimulation. Pre-stimulation resulted in a reduction of milking time, duration of the increase and decline phase of milk flow, stripping yield, but it increased the peak flow rate as compared to milking without pre-stimulation (P < 0.05). In both fractions and portions the content of fat increased steadily during milking and reached a maximum at MS. Lactose increased from P to 50-75% and then it decr...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Effect of pre-stimulation on milk flow pattern and distribution of milk constituents at a quarter level

Tancin¹,

Uhrincat²,

Mačuhová³

et al. 2007

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…The lack of variation in protein content in the milk of milking for most milking regimes and intervals, except for 24 h, has two causes: (i) the secretion of casein (80% of milk protein) is sensitive to the lengthening milking interval similarly to lactose (Wheelock et al, 1966) and (ii) casein content is the same in alveolar and cisternal milk (Ayadi et al, 2004). The increased protein content in the ODM group results from higher whey proteins (Table 3), probably due to leakage of serum proteins from blood into milk (Stelwagen et al, 1997).…”

Section: Milk Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The consequences of short (,8 h) or long (.16 h) milking intervals on milk secretion have essentially been determined in analytical experiments using specific designs: intervals tested once (Stelwagen et al, 2008), or applied several times consecutively, which modifies the daily milking frequency (Schmidt, 1960;Ayadi et al, 2004;Delamaire and Guinard-Flament, 2006); complete milk removal from the udder through oxytocin administration before the experimental interval in order to empty the mammary reservoirs (Schmidt, 1960;Wheelock et al, 1966); a standard 12 h milking interval preceding all the experimental intervals (Wheelock et al, 1966;Fernando and Spahr, 1983), and generally a short duration of experimentation (1 day to a few days), though not always (60 days for Villiers de and Smith (1976)). These experimental conditions differ from those met in practice and cannot provide reliable information on the effect of widely contrasting milking intervals on milk production in commercial TDM herds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of dairy cows milked twice daily at contrasting intervals

Rémond

Pomiès

Julien³

et al. 2009

Animal

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The time constraints of the classic twice-daily milking routine are less easily endured by individual dairy farmers, because of their impact on quality of life. Our aim was to evaluate milk production responses by dairy cows milked twice daily at contrasting intervals. In experiments 1 (20 cows) and 2 (28 cows), four milking regimes were compared during a 3-week period beginning after the peak of lactation. Three groups of five cows were milked twice daily (TDM) with milking intervals of 11 : 13, 7 : 17 and 3 : 21 h in experiment 1, and three groups of seven cows at 11 : 13, 5 : 19 and 2.5 : 21.5 h in experiment 2. One group (five and seven cows respectively) was milked once daily (ODM) in each experiment. In experiment 3 (three groups, 12 cows per group), one group was milked at 10 : 14 h and one at 5 : 19 h, and the third group once daily. Milking treatments began during the second week of lactation and continued for an average of 23 weeks. In experiments 1 and 2, daily milk yields were reduced by 4.1%, 11.5% and 28%, for the 5 : 19, 3 : 21 and ODM milking treatments compared with the 11 : 13 h interval. In experiment 3, the decrease in daily milk yields for 5 : 19 h and ODM was 10% and 40% compared with the 10 : 14 h time interval. In the average daily milk, fat and protein contents and somatic cell counts were not different between the TDM groups, and the ODM group had (or tended to have) a higher fat and protein content. For a given milking, milk fat content decreased from about 60 to 32 g/kg as the preceding milking interval increased from 2.5 to 3 h up to 12 h. It then levelled out and even increased, mainly after 18 to 20 h. Somatic cell count showed a similar trend, and protein content did not change steadily. Dry matter intake, body weight and body condition score were not affected by contrasting milking intervals. After resumption of TDM with conventional intervals, productions of milk, fat and protein no longer differed between the TDM groups. Milk yield of previously ODM cows remained lower by 2 kg/day ( P 5 0.15) in experiments 1 and 2, and by 7 kg/day ( P , 0.05) in experiment 3. These results suggest that TDM at contrasting intervals up to 5 : 19 h is feasible as it decreases milk yield only moderately, especially if implemented from peak of lactation.

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“…The percentages of the milk partitioning (CMP and AMP) have no correlation with the milk-yielding parameters. The percentage of fat contained in the milk is positively correlated with AMP due to the alveolar milk being richer in fat Ayadi et al 2004;Castillo et al 2008). These percentages present correlations with the main tissue components (secretory tissue, r00.48, connective tissue, r0 (0.54, for alveolar milk percentage).…”

Section: Udder Morphologic Measuresmentioning

confidence: 57%

Effects of breed and milking frequency on udder histological structures in dairy goats

Suárez-Trujillo

Capote²,

Argüello

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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Tissue percentages (secretory, connective, ductal and vascular tissues) and the number and size of the alveoli in the udders of three dairy goat breeds under two milking frequencies (once-vs. twice-daily milking) were studied. Nine dairy goats, three of each breed studied (Majorera, Tinerfen˜a and Palmera), were milked during 6 weeks beginning at the tenth week of lactation. The right udder half was milked twice daily, and the left udder half was milked once daily. Moreover, during the experimental period, morphological udder data, milk yield, milk fractioning and milk composition were recorded. The goats were sacrificed and two samples for each gland were taken for the histological study. The statistical analyses revealed that the histological parameters were not influenced by the milking frequency, and that the breed determines different percentage of tissue components. Correlations between morphological parameters of the udder and milk-yielding parameters were high and determined the greater importance of the globosity and the structure of the udder in the milk production. Furthermore, it was determined that the percentage of secretory tissue in the mammary parenchyma has no correlation with the milk yield parameters in different high-production dairy breeds. Histological parameters (secretory and connective tissues) only have an impact in the milk fractions.

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Effect of different milking intervals on the composition of cisternal and alveolar milk in dairy cows

Cited by 36 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of pre-stimulation on milk flow pattern and distribution of milk constituents at a quarter level

Effect of pre-stimulation on milk flow pattern and distribution of milk constituents at a quarter level

Performance of dairy cows milked twice daily at contrasting intervals

Effects of breed and milking frequency on udder histological structures in dairy goats

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