Effect of different inbreeding levels on filled seed production in Douglas-fir

Woods, J. H.; Heaman, J. C.

doi:10.1139/x89-007

Cited by 45 publications

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“…They applied their model to six other similar published studies of pine and spruce species and found that synergism also provided a better fit to the data than did independent recessive lethals. A more recent study (Woods and Heaman, 1989) reported a linear decline in filled seed production with inbreeding coefficient in Douglas-fir. As with the study of Griffin and Lindgren (1985), the data were not analyzed on the In-scale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…As with the study of Griffin and Lindgren (1985), the data were not analyzed on the In-scale. Woods and Heaman present the mean filled seed production and percent yield at each level of inbreeding for each of the nine founder clones used in this study (table 2 of Woods and Heaman, 1989). If these means are In-transformed and the F = 0.75 class is excluded because data was available only for three clones, large and highly significant negative quadratic regression coefficients (P < 0.00 l) are obtained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INBREEDING ON FITNESS COMPONENTS IN MIMULUS GUTTATUS

Willis

1993

Evolution

130

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Abstract. -Recent theoretical work has shown that there can be selection favoring the maintenance of sexual reproduction and the evolution of increased recombination when deleterious mutations at different loci interact synergistically, such that the logarithm of fitness declines at a greater than linear rate with the number of harmful mutations per genome. The purpose of this experimental study was to determine whether synergism exists for genes affecting fitness components in two partially selfingpopulations of the monkey flower Mimulus guttatus. For each wild population, a large randomly mated base population was constructed and many independent lines, inbred to differing degrees, were extracted from this base population. Lines with expected inbreeding coefficients of 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 were raised simultaneously in the greenhouse and were scored for germination, flowering, flowerproduction, and pollen viability. All fitnesstraits exceptgermination success declined with increased inbreeding, but in spite of the substantial inbreeding depression found in this study, relatively little evidence of synergisticepistasis was found. The only trait that showed evidence of synergism was pollen viability. These results indicate that synergism is not strong for the fitness components measured in this study. The evidence for synergism from other published studies is also reviewed.Key words.-Dominance, epistasis, fitness components, inbreeding depression, Mimulus, synergism..Received November 4, 1991. Accepted August 25, 1992.All organisms are subject to mutation at thousands of genetic loci, and the vast majority of the mutations having some effect on fitness are deleterious (Fisher 1930;Haldane 1937;Muller 1950;Kimura 1983; Kondrashov 1988). The impact that this continual mutational pressure has on evolutionary processes in natural populations depends largely on how the expression of these harmful mutations is influenced by interactions with other alleles at the same locus (dominance) and at different loci (epistasis).Genetic analyses suggest that most deleterious mutations are recessive or partially recessive and that rare deleterious alleles, rather than overdominant genes, are the primary cause of the substantial inbreeding depression often found in populations ofanimals and plants (Simmons and Crow

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INBREEDING ON FITNESS COMPONENTS IN MIMULUS GUTTATUS

Willis

1993

Evolution

130

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“…Selfing in most conifer species results in poor seed set (Woods and Heaman, 1989), decreased progeny size, reduced progeny vigor and increased susceptibility to pests (Orr-Ewing, 1954, 1965Sorensen, 1971). Under panmixia, a selfing rate of 2% is expected to occur in this seed orchard (49/49 2 ); however, an estimate of 15.2% was detected.…”

Section: Selfingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollination dynamics in a Douglas-fir seed orchard as revealed by pedigree reconstruction

Lai¹,

Funda²,

Liewlaksaneeyanawin³

et al. 2010

Ann. For. Sci.

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Abstract• Pollination dynamics was studied in a Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seed orchard using 8 nuclear microsatellite markers and pedigree reconstruction.• The seed orchard consisted of 49 parents (clones). Cone-crop management included bloom delay and supplemental mass pollination (SMP) using 12 internal and 4 external pollen donors.• A random sample of 801 bulk seeds was genotyped for both haploid megagametophyte and corresponding diploid embryo.• Using the parental population's multilocus genotypes, full pedigree reconstruction generated all the information needed to estimate the maternal, paternal, and parental reproductive success, selfing, pollen contamination, and pollination success of the 4 external pollen donors.• Maternal, paternal, and parental reproductive success varied with 80% of gametes being produced by 23, 45, and 37% of the orchard's parents, respectively, resulting in a drastically reduced effective population size as compared to the census number (14 vs. 53).• Selfing, pollen contamination, and aggregate SMP success (internal and external) were estimated to be 15.2, 10.4, and 15.0%, respectively.• Full pedigree reconstruction was effective in unraveling the orchard's pollination dynamics and both female and male reproductive success.

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“…may be inevitable in advanced-generation seed orchards without operational modifications, such as sublining (Lowe and van Buijtenen 1986;McKeand and Bridgwater 1998). Negative effects of inbreeding have been observed at different life stages in many conifers, including Douglas fir, in terms of seed production (Griffin and Lindgren 1985;Sorensen and Cress 1994;Woods and Heaman 1989), nursery performance (Sniezko and Zobel 1988;Sorensen 1997;Woods et al 2002) and survival and growth vigor in early stages of field trials (Durel et al 1996;Orr-Ewing 1976;Sorensen and Miles 1982;Williams and Savolainen 1996). Therefore, decisions need to be made on tradeoffs between genetic gain obtained by selecting the best, but related, individuals and potential losses due to inbreeding between these individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of inbreeding on coastal Douglas fir growth and yield in operational plantations: a model-based approach

Wang

Aitken

Woods³

et al. 2003

Theor Appl Genet

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In advanced generation seed orchards, tradeoffs exist between genetic gain obtained by selecting the best related individuals for seed orchard populations, and potential losses due to subsequent inbreeding between these individuals. Although inbreeding depression for growth rate is strong in most forest tree species at the individual tree level, the effect of a small proportion of inbreds in seed lots on final stand yield may be less important. The effects of inbreeding on wood production of mature stands cannot be assessed empirically in the short term, thus such effects were simulated for coastal Douglas fir [ Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] using an individual-tree growth and yield model TASS (Tree and Stand Simulator). The simulations were based on seed set, nursery culling rates, and 10-year-old field test performance for trees resulting from crosses between unrelated individuals and for inbred trees produced through mating between half-sibs, full-sibs, parents and offspring and self-pollination. Results indicate that inclusion of a small proportion of related clones in seed orchards will have relatively low impacts on stand yields due to low probability of related individuals mating, lower probability of producing acceptable seedlings from related matings than from unrelated matings, and a greater probability of competition-induced mortality for slower growing inbred individuals than for outcrossed trees. Thus, competition reduces the losses expected due to inbreeding depression at harvest, particularly on better sites with higher planting densities and longer rotations. Slightly higher breeding values for related clones than unrelated clones would offset or exceed the effects of inbreeding resulting from related matings. Concerns regarding the maintenance of genetic diversity are more likely to limit inclusion of related clones in orchards than inbreeding depression for final stand yield.

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Effect of different inbreeding levels on filled seed production in Douglas-fir

Cited by 45 publications

References 0 publications

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INBREEDING ON FITNESS COMPONENTS IN MIMULUS GUTTATUS

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INBREEDING ON FITNESS COMPONENTS IN MIMULUS GUTTATUS

Pollination dynamics in a Douglas-fir seed orchard as revealed by pedigree reconstruction

Effects of inbreeding on coastal Douglas fir growth and yield in operational plantations: a model-based approach

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