Effect of different fibrous and nonfiber carbohydrate levels on nutrients digestibility of total mixed ration using in vivo in buffalo

Abstract

In order to investigate the effect of different levels of NDF on chewing behavior and their relationship with ruminal acidity, 3 ruminally fistulated buffalo steers (average BW = 389.6 &plusmn;7.5 Kg) were allotted in a change over design in Agriculture and Natural Resource center of Uremia city of Iran. Two diets with 2 levels of NDF were used as treatments. First and second diets had 52 and 47 % of NDF, respectively. The experiment had two periods and each period&rsquo;s take 15d for adaptation, 7d for sample collection and determination of nutrient digestibility and for determination of passage rate, 2d for measuring ruminal pH, and 3d for measuring chewing activity. Using Penn Stat Particle Separator (PSPS), distribution, geometric mean, its standard deviation and physically effective factor (pef) of diets were determined. Animals fed ad libitum at 09:00a.m and 21:00p.m. The time that spent for eating and rumination were optically recorded in 24h with 5 minutes intervals and total chewing activity calculated from sum of eating and rumination time. There were no significant differences between chemical composition, particles distribution, geometric mean, its standard deviation and physically effective factor (pef) of diets, dry matter intake (kg/d) and nutrients intake (NDF, ADF, NFC and crude protein) and their digestibility, but digestibility ADF, NDF and NFC decreased as content of fiber increased(P<0.05). Increasing NFC reduced ruminal pH at 0.5, 1.0, 4.5, 6.0 9.0 and 10.0 h post feeding (P<0.05). In addition, there were no significant differences on eating time, rumination time and total chewing activity between diets, but increased as NDF intake and peNDF>1.18 increased (P<0.05). Also, rumination time and total chewing activity over night decreased as NDF intake and peNDF>1.18 increased (P<0.05)

Different in Quantity of Microbial Rumen Fluid of River Buffalo and Swamp Bufallo

“…This is strongly influenced by the consumption of feed from livestock where buffalo feed both swamp buffaloes and river buffaloes consume higher feed dry matter than cows. This is related to the amount of VFA, the lower the rumen pH, the number of VFA in the rumen will increase, namely for swamp buffalo (158.72 and river buffalo (155.62 mM), but cattle only produce VFA concentrations of 107.86 (mM) ) .The results of this study are in line with [1] that the good rumen pH is 5.88-6.74 which has a good range for rumen microbial activity. fluid (P <0.05), this shows that the type of livestock did not show significant differences in NH3 concentration, so the activity of proteolytic bacteria as protein integration was not affected by feed so microbial growth was not disturbed.…”

“…Swamp buffalo has characteristics of blackish gray skin, short and stocky body, round shape, broad chest circumference, short and straight legs, and wide and curved horns. As with river buffaloes which have skin characteristics that are deep black, dense and short, the neck and head are relatively smaller, the back is wide, and the horns are tightly circled like spirals [1].…”

Effects of inclusion of graded amounts of soya bean hulls on feed intake, chewing activity and nutrient digestibility in dairy cows

“…Data were expressed as daily eating, ruminating or total chewing activity by calculating the sum of eating and ruminating time over a 24‐h period. Activities per unit of DM, NDF and peNDF intake were also calculated by dividing total minutes by the mean of each parameter measured (Pirmohammadi and Manafiazar, ).…”