Effect of different dietary concentrations of brown marine algae (Sargassum dentifebium) prepared by different methods on plasma and yolk lipid profiles, yolk total carotene and lutein plus zeaxanthin of laying hens

Abstract

The effect of different concentrations (0%, 3% and 6%) of brown marine algae (BMA, Sargassum dentifebium) prepared according to different methods (sun-dried, SBMA; boiled, BBMA; autoclaved, ABMA) on plasma and yolk lipid profiles, carotene, and lutein plus zeaxanthin in egg yolks was studied in hens aged from 23 to 42 weeks (30 hens per treatment). We determined the fatty acid profiles in BMA and in the egg yolk of hens fed different levels of BMA prepared according to different methods. In addition, plasma and yolk lipid profiles, yolk total carotene, and lutein plus zeaxanthin were determined at week 42 of age. Plasma and yolk cholesterol were significantly lower in groups fed diets containing either 3% or 6% BMA than in the control group, but high-density lipoprotein (HDL) significantly decreased as BMA concentration increased. There was a significant similar decline in yolk triglycerides with inclusion of either 3% or 6% BMA in the laying hen diet. Palmitic acid was the main saturated fatty acid (SFA) found in BMA and oleic acid (omega-9) and linoleic acid (omega-6) were the main unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), while there was a significant increase in palmitic acid in egg yolk when BMA was included at 6%. There was a significant increase in oleic acid (omega-9) when feed containing 3% BMA was given compared to the control group, but this decreased with a further increase in BMA. Linoleic acid (omega-6) also significantly decreased with inclusion of either 3% or 6% BMA. There was a significant increase in total carotene and lutein plus zeaxanthin in the laying hen eggs as a result of feeding diets containing 3% and 6% BMA.

Fatty acid and cholesterol profiles and hypocholesterolemic, atherogenic, and thrombogenic indices of table eggs in the retail market

“…On the other hand, total cholesterol content of source D was higher than that of sources B and C, and this concurred with higher LDL levels and LDL/HDL ratio and total lipids and total SFA (caprylic, palmitic, and stearic acids) content. In literature, high cholesterols corresponded with high total lipids and SFA content [ 7 , 10 , 33 ]. On the other hand, the low cholesterol of B source was coincided with lower SFA content and lower HDL and LDL levels.…”

Effect of increasing doses of marigold (<i>Tagetes erecta</i>) flower extract on eggs carotenoids content, colour and oxidative stability

“…Englmaierová et al (2013) ) significantly increased the concentration of lutein and zeaxanthin in yolks, increased the yolk colour, and improved the oxidative stability of the lipids of fresh eggs and eggs stored for 28 days. The contents of carotenoids and yolk pigmentation were increased also in the eggs of hens fed diet supplemented with marine algae Nannochloropsis oculata (Fredriksson et al, 2006) and Sargassum dentifebium (Al-Harthi and El-Deek, 2012). …”

Biofortification of Hens Eggs with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids by New Dietary Formulation: Supercritical Microalgal Extract

“…It is difficult to compare the obtained results with the literature data, because the effect of algal extracts added to the drinking water has not been studied so far. More data concern the effect of algae on the content of FAs in eggs, for example [4,8,9,12,13]. Šefer et al [12] found that the inclusion of algal product DHA Gold ® from Schizochytrium spp.…”

“…Some authors indicate that higher content of algae in the diet did not increase the content of some FA. For example, Al-Harthi and El-Deek [9] examined the effect of different contents (0%, 3%, and 6%) of brown marine algae (Sargassum dentifebium) on yolk lipid profiles in egg yolks. It was shown that higher contents of algal biomass in the diet caused a decrease in the content of FAs in eggs.…”

“…Other natural source rich in PUFAs, as well as antioxidants are for example marine algae: Sargassum dentifebium [9], Macrocystis pyrifera, Enteromorpha spp., and Sargassum sinicola [4], marine algae (different species) [5] or microalgae [7]: Chlorella spp. [10], Chlorella fusca, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Isochrysis galbana [11], Schizochytrium sp.…”