Effect of Different Anabaena variabilis (Kütz) Treatments on Some Growth Parameters and Physiological Aspects of Hordeum vulgare L. and Trigonella foenum-graecum L.

Abstract

CYANOBACTERIA are a diverse group of prokaryotes which occupies many environments. In terrestrial habitats, they were famed to benefit both soil and plants through releasing bioactive substances of various biological functions. In the present study four treatments of Anabaena variabilis (seeds primed in 1% fresh cyanobacterial extract, seeds sown in soils inoculated with 3g fresh or dry cyanobacterial cells per 1 kg soil and wet seeds primed with 3g dry cyanobacterial powder per 1 kg seeds) were examined for their effect on Hordeum vulgare and Trigonella foenum-graecum L. plants. All treatments increased the germination percentage, shoot length, fresh and dry weights. The photosynthetic pigments, proteins, glutamic-oxaloacetic and glutamic-pyruvic transaminases (GOT and GPT) activities were also markedly increased specially in seeds primed with cyanobacterium dried cells. The protein profile of Hordeum vulgare seedlings revealed the appearance of newly formed protein band with molecular weight of 220 KDa in response to soaking the seeds in fresh cells extract. On the other hand, the protein profile of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. shows the induction of low molecular weight protein bands 10-14 KDa with all treatments. The plant growth promotive effect was attributed to the bioactive materials like phytohormones, exopolysaccharides, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium estimated in the cyanobacterial biomass. The results recommended bio-priming the seeds of the two examined plants in dried cyanobacterial biomass as an economical and safe route fertilizer.

Cyanobacterial Culture Acts as Good Organic Biostimulant on Anethum graveolens

“…Chlorophyll a was found to be 5.53% more in FST and 2.29% more in ST plantlets as compared to control UT plantlets. Ismail and Abo-Hamad, (2017), also found increase in Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b in Barley and Fenugreek using Anabaena culture. The carotenoids were found to be slightly increased i.e.…”

“…activation of the antioxidative defense enzymes of plants (Essa et al, 2015). According to Riahi et al, 2013 (Ismail and Abo-Hamad, 2017). They had also attributed the plant growth promoting effect to different bioactive materials like phytohormones, exopolysaccharides, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the cyanobacterial biomass (Ismail and Abo-Hamad, 2017).…”

Effect of Spirulina platensis (Gomont) Geitler Extract on Seed Germination of Wheat and Barley

“…The use of intensive extracts has an inhibitory effect but the extracts in certain doses activate the growth. Ismail and Hamad (2017); used Anabaena variabilis extracts in their work and stated that this extract increases the germination percentage, root-shoot length and fresh-dry weight of the seeds of Hordeum vulgare and Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Shariatmadari et al (2013); used the extracts of Anabaena and Nostoc genus in the development of rice plants and stated that they affected plant growth positively. Essa et al (2015); investigated the effects of some cyanobacterial exudates on sorghum and sunflower seed germination and seedling development and found that Anabaena oryzae has been very effective on seed germination and root-shoot development.…”

Bioenergy production using Trichormus variabilis – a review

“…In addition to these general advantages, T. variabilis has enhanced capacity for auto‐flocculation, which is one of the most important characteristics to decrease energy consumption during algae biomass harvesting. The nutrient removal and CO 2 biofixation potential of this species, together with its interesting cell differentiations in forming heterocysts and akinetes, which provide suitable opportunities for N‐fixation and growth in challenging environmental conditions, and the availability of processed biomass as biofertilizer, suggest it may present a viable solution for algae bioenergy production with valuable byproducts.…”

“…Among many microalgae species, Trichormus variabilis has been studied extensively owing to its dual benefits: showing high potential in industrial and municipal wastewater treatment and also its capability for biohydrogen production . The worldwide distribution of T. variabilis , high auto‐flocculation capacity, tolerance of a wide temperature range, and biofertilizer potential strongly affirm that the study of this species needs to be expanded in the future. Here, we present a comprehensive review, focused on T. variabilis and its principal enzymatic functions, which make it suitable for applications in biohydrogen production.…”