“…For example, DUV-LEDs are suitable for the production of vitamin D 3 . In human skin, vitamin D 3 production depends on several factors, including the person’s age, the time of day, the latitude and altitude, the season, the area of exposure, and the degree of skin pigmentation, with ultraviolet-B (UVB) wavelengths between 290 and 300 nm being most efficient [ 7 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Kalajian et al [ 14 ] found that light at a wavelength of 293 nm was 2.4 times more efficient at producing vitamin D 3 in human skin than light from the sun was, as measured according to the exposure time.…”