Effect of dietary thiamin deficiency on intestinal functions in rats

Abstract

The effect of dietary thiamin deficiency has been studied on intestinal functions and chemical composition of brush border membranes in rats. Intestinal uptake of glucose, glycine, alanine, and leucine was significantly stimulated in thiamin deficiency compared to pair-fed control group. Studies with glucose and glycine revealed that stimulation of the absorption process occurs only in the presence of Na+ but not in its absence. Km measured in the presence of 140 mM Na+ for glucose and glycine uptakes was reduced by 56 and 41%, respectively, but Vmax remained unaltered in vitamin deficiency. There was no change in these parameters in Na+-free medium (Km = 31.3 and 23.3 mM; Vmax = 17.2 to 19.7 and 13.5 to 16.4 mumol/10 min/g wet tissue, respectively) under these conditions. The activities of brush border sucrase, lactase, maltase, alkaline phosphatase, and leucine aminopeptidase were reduced by 42 to 66% in thiamin deficiency, compared to pair-fed controls. Kinetic studies with sucrase and alkaline phosphatase evinced that a decrease in Vmax (61 and 64%, respectively) with no change in Km (33.8 and 4.3 mM, respectively) was responsible for observed impairment in the enzyme activities in thiamin deficiency. Microvillus membrane proteins expressed on dry membrane basis were reduced by 20% in thiamin-deficient intestine. There was no difference in membrane sialic acid, cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides fractions under these conditions. It is suggested that thinning of the microvillus membrane may be implicated in observed aberrations of intestinal functions in thiamin-deprived animals.

Effects of dietary thiamin supplement on growth, body composition and intestinal enzyme activities of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian)

“…As we known, no studies have yet been made of the effect of thiamin on Na + , K + ‐ATPase, ALP and γ‐GT activities in fish. However, it has been reported that thiamin deficiency reduced the activity of brush border ALP in rats (Mahmood et al. 1984).…”

“…2007). Thiamin deficiency reduced intestine weight, microvillus membrane protein and the activity of brush border alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in rats (Mahmood et al. 1984).…”

“…Intestine is important to nutrient digestion and absorption, especially to stomachless fish such as carp (Zhou et al 2007). Thiamin deficiency reduced intestine weight, microvillus membrane protein and the activity of brush border alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in rats (Mahmood et al 1984). However, little information is available on the relationship between thiamin and function of intestine in fish.…”

Neurological, Psychiatric, and Biochemical Aspects of Thiamine Deficiency in Children and Adults

“…However, studies show that the consumption of herbal supplements rich in thiaminase during pregnancy (132) or alcohol exposure in utero (133) may predispose a fetus to thiamine deficiency during pregnancy and increased risk for ASD. A study conducted on rat pups nursed by thiamine-deficient dams displayed comparable findings, in which the offspring exhibited behavioral abnormalities consistent with ASD symptoms (134).…”

Effects of dietary vitamin B1on growth performance, blood metabolites, body composition, intestinal enzyme activities and morphometric parameters of juvenile yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)

“…Dietary vitamin B 1 is necessary for the utilization of the products of glucose catabolism in the synthesis of fatty acids in fish (Zehra & Khan, 2017). In rats, thiamin deficiency reduced intestine weight, microvillus membrane protein and brush‐border alkaline phosphatase activity (Mahmood et al, 1984). Several studies demonstrated that vitamin B 1 had a beneficial influence on the intestine by increasing digestive enzymes activities and promoting tissue integrity in Jian carp ( Cyprinus carpio var.…”