Effect of Dietary Supplementation with a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mannan Oligosaccharide on the Bacterial Community Structure of Broiler Cecal Contents

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with a prebiotic mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) on broiler performance, bacterial community structure, and phylogenetic populations of cecal contents. Bird performance data were collected, and cecal samples were extracted from randomly caught poults from each treatment group every 7 days from hatching to the age of 42 days. Weight gain, feed consumption, and feed efficiency ratios did not differ significantly between groups. Automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA) of the bacterial communities in birds receiving MOS-supplemented diets indicated that dietary supplementation with MOS at either of 2 levels significantly altered the bacterial community structure from that of the control group on all sample days. The phylogenetic identities of bacteria contained within the cecum were determined by constructing a 16S rRNA gene clone library. A total of 594 partial 16S rRNA gene sequences from the cecal contents were analyzed and compared for the three dietary treatments. The dominant bacteria of the cecum belonged to three phyla, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria; of these, Firmicutes were the most dominant in all treatment groups. Statistical analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene clone libraries showed that the compositions of the clone libraries from broilers receiving MOS-supplemented diets were, in most cases, significantly different from that of the control group. It can be concluded that in this trial MOS supplementation significantly altered the cecal bacterial community structure.

Phylogenetic and Functional Alterations in Bacterial Community Compositions in Broiler Ceca as a Result of Mannan Oligosaccharide Supplementation

“…Previous studies involving MOS supplementation in poultry have been carried out in both research and clean facility settings and have demonstrated alterations of the bacterial community structure (13,34). Due to the highly variable nature of the avian and broiler microbiotas across different flocks and even between birds in a flock (25,35), there is concern that prebiotics and other supplements may be effective only under limited conditions and may never be usefully employed across the industry.…”

“…This barcode-based primer approach allowed sequencing of multiple samples in a single sequencing run without the need for physical partitioning. The PCR conditions and reagents were similar to those described previously, and a standard concentration of 50 ng of cecal DNA was used in each reaction (13). The PCR products were purified using a High Pure PCR product purification kit (Roche, Basel, Switzerland).…”

“…Cecal DNA was extracted as described previously (13). Briefly, 0.05 g of cecal contents was added to tubes containing 0.5 g of 0.1-mm glass beads and 0.5 g of 0.5-mm zirconia beads to which hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) extraction buffer (10% CTAB in 0.7-M NaCl mixed with equal volumes of 240 mM K 2 HPO 4 , pH 8.0; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was added.…”

Administration of <i>Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens </i>and <i>Saccharomyces Cerevisiae </i>as Direct-Fed Microbials Improves Intestinal Microflora and Morphology in Broiler Chickens

“…Moreover, the cell walls of SC, making up 15 to 25% of its dry weight, is mainly composed of glucan and mannoproteins, including mannan-oligosaccharide and β-glucan (Yalçinkaya et al, 2008). It was reported to improve immune response and modulate intestinal microflora in animals (Corrigan et al, 2011;Vervicka and Oliveira, 2013). As mentioned above, a mixture of BA and SC was used to assess the benefits of DFM supplementation in broiler diets.…”

Engineering the rabbit digestive ecosystem to improve digestive health and efficacy

“…Depending on the dose, supplementation with FOS and MOS decreased the density of Clostridium perfringens and E. coli in chickens (Kim et al, 2011). Moreover, MOS supplementation would alter the structure of the bacterial community of chickens (Corrigan et al, 2011). In rabbit, studies on the influence of prebiotics concerned mainly growth performance and caecal fermentation activity with contradictory results even for the same type of prebiotic (for review Falcao-e-Cunha et al, 2007).…”