Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Melon (Citrallus Lanatus) Seed Oil on the Growth Performance and Antioxidant Status of Growing Rabbits

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of melon (Citrallus lanatus) seed oil (WMO) on the growth performance and immune response of growing rabbits. Thirty-six (36), 5-6 weeks weaner rabbit of mixed breed and sex with an average weight of 435 g – 438 grams were randomly divided into four (4) treatments of nine rabbits per group and each rabbit served as a replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD). The experiment lasted for 12 weeks and all other management practices were strictly observed. The basal diet was formulated according to the nutrient requirements of the rabbit according to NRC (1977). Treatment (T1) was fed basal diet with 0 % WMO, T2, T3, and T4 were fed basal diet supplemented with WMO at 0.2 %, 0.4 % and 0.6 % respectively. Results obtained were used to examine the average daily weight gain (ADWG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed: gain, mortality, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), and malonyl dialdehyde (MLA). ADWG, feed: gain, and mortality were significantly different (P˂0.05) among the treatments. ADFI increased as the level of WMO increases, though not at a significant level (P˃0.05). The highest mortality was recorded among animals in T1 (1.00 %), none was recorded in the other treatments (P˂0.05). Activities of SOD, GST, GSH, and MLA were significantly (P˃0.05) influenced by WMO. It was concluded that dietary supplementation of WMO up to 0.6 % enhanced growth performance, improved feed: gain, and had no negative effect on the antioxidant parameters of rabbits, it is safe and could be used to bridge the gap between food safety and production.

Doum Palm Meal (Hyphaene Thebaica) and Partial Maize Substitution: Impact on The Blood Biochemical Indicators of Weaned Pigs

“…According to [32] it is also an index for screening chronic disorders, including kidney diseases. Diarrhea or extreme dehydration may be the cause of a high A/G ratio [33]. Glycine, arginine, and methionine are the amino acids that are transaminated in the liver, pancreas, and kidneys to produce creatinine [34].…”

Bioactive Compounds of Prosopis Africana Oil (African Mesquite) Using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (Gc-Ms) Technique

“…Other minor compounds includes; βphenethylamine (0.63 %), 2, 4, 6-tris (1-phenylethyl) phenol (0.14 %), α-pinene (0.16 %), βmyrcene (0.12 %), α-phellandrene (0.74 %), α-terpinolene (0.11 %), γ-terpinene (0.35 %), 1terpineol (0.03 %), 4-terpineol (0.07 %), humulene (0.18 %), copaene (0.85 %), cis-linaloxide (0.21 %), α-selinene (0.30 %), γ-elemene (0.06 %), α-gurjunene (0.01 %), β-elemene (0.42 %), 3-hexenyl-2-methylbutanoate (0.05 %), exo-methyl-camphenilol (0.02 %), benzene -1methoxy-2-methyl (0.03 %), napthalene, 1,2 hydro-1,1, 6 -trimethyl (0.18 %), cycloheptasiloxane, tetradecamethyl (1.55 %), nerolidyl acetate (1.41 %), 1-cyclohexene-1butanal, alpha, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl (0.001 %), cyclooctasiloxane, hexadecamethyl (0.11 %), 2,2, 6-trimethyl-2H, 5H pyrano ( 3,2-c) quinolin-5-one (0.60 %), dibutyl phthalate (0.27 %), acetic acid, dodecyl ester (0.70 %), 1,1, 5-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (0.64 %), alloaromedendrene oxide (0.02 %), butylated hydroxytoluene (0.03 %), octacosane (0.01 %), kaur-16-ene (0.16 %), 1,5,8-p-menthatriene (0.10 %), spicigerine (0.20 %), prosophylline (0.07 %), apigenin-6-glucoside (0.55 %), quercertin-3-rhamnoside (1.80 %), isoprosopilosine (0.01 %), prosopilosidine (1.50 %), trimethyl-tetrahydronaphtalene (0.02 %), spathulenol (0.21 %), 1,3-benzodioxole,5-(2,2-dimethyl) (0.01 %), 2-nonen-4-one (0.22 %), bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-3-one (0.11 %), cis-vaccenic acid (0.32 %), 3-chloro-N-isochroman-1-methyl propionamide (0.16 %), 3,4dichlorobenzonitrile (0.03 %), mannitol, 1,4-methyl tetraacetate (0.07 %), β-1rhamnofuran oside thio-octyl (0.14 %), guaia-1(10), 11-diene (0.03 %), 3,4dimethyl phenyl heptyl ether (0.12 %), 1,1,5 -trimethyl -1,2 -dihydronaphthalene (0.09 %), 1-cyclohexane-1propanal (0.03 %), 1-trimethylsilylpent-1-en-4-yne (0.04 %), β-ocimene (0.02 %), trans-βocimene (0.05), -methyl-6-methylenebicycloheptane (0.18 %), 1,6,10,14 -hexadecatetraen-3ol (0.04 %), alloaromadendrene oxide (1) (0.01 %), 1-cyclohexane-1-propanal (0.40 %), 1formyl -2,2,6 -trimethyl cyclohexane (0.18 %), 6-isopropenyl-4,8-dimethyl nephthalen-2-ol (0.06 %) and 1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-trimethyl -ol (0.01 %). However all these compounds have significant pharmacological effects (Singh et al, 2021;Muritala et al, 2022).…”

Bioactive compounds of Prosopis africana oil (african mesquite) using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique

“…Other minor compounds includes; β-phenethylamine 0.63%, 2,4,6-tris(1-phenylethyl) phenol 0.14%, α-pinene 0.16%, β-myrcene 0.12%, α-phellandrene 0.74%, α-terpinolene 0.11%, γ-terpinene 0.35%, 1-terpineol 0.03%, 4-terpineol 0.07%, humulene 0.18%, copaene 0.85%, cis-linaloxide 0.21%, α-selinene 0.30%, γ-elemene 0.06%, α-gurjunene 0.01%, β-elemene 0.42%, 3-hexenyl-2-methylbutanoate 0.05%, exo-methyl-camphenilol 0.02%, benzene -1-methoxy-2-methyl 0.03%, napthalene, 1,2 hydro-1,1,6-trimethyl 0.18%, cycloheptasiloxane, tetradecamethyl 1.55%, nerolidyl acetate 1.41%, 1-cyclohexene-1-butanal, alpha, 2,6,6-tetramethyl 0.001%, cyclooctasiloxane, hexadecamethyl 0.11%, 2,2,6-trimethyl-2H, 5H pyrano 3,2-c quinolin-5-one 0.60%, dibutyl phthalate 0.27%, acetic acid, dodecyl ester 0.70%, 1,1,5-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene 0.64%, alloaromedendrene oxide 0.02%, butylated hydroxytoluene 0.03%, octacosane 0.01%, kaur-16-ene 0.16%, 1,5,8-p-menthatriene 0.10%, spicigerine 0.20%, prosophylline 0.07%, apigenin-6-glucoside 0.55%, quercertin-3-rhamnoside 1.80%, isoprosopilosine 0.01%, prosopilosidine 1.50 %, trimethyl-tetrahydronaphtalene 0.02%, spathulenol 0.21%, 1,3-benzodioxole,5-(2,2-dimethyl) 0.01%, 2-nonen-4-one 0.22%, bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-3-one 0.11%, cis-vaccenic acid 0.32%, 3-chloro-N-isochroman-1-methyl propionamide (0.16 %), 3,4dichlorobenzonitrile (0.03 %), mannitol, 1,4-methyl tetraacetate (0.07 %), β-1-rhamnofuran oside thio-octyl (0.14 %), guaia-1(10), 11-diene (0.03 %), 3,4dimethyl phenyl heptyl ether (0.12 %), 1,1,5 -trimethyl -1,2 -dihydronaphthalene (0.09 %), 1-cyclohexane-1-propanal (0.03 %), 1-trimethylsilylpent-1-en-4-yne 0.04%, β-ocimene 0.02%, transβ-ocimene 0.05%, -methyl-6-methylenebicycloheptane 0.18%, 1,6,10,14-hexadecatetraen-3-ol 0.04%, alloaromadendrene oxide (1) 0.01%, 1-cyclohexane-1-propanal 0.40%, 1-formyl -2,2,6-trimethyl cyclohexane 0.18%, 6-isopropenyl-4,8-dimethyl nephthalen-2-ol 0.06% and 1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-trimethyl-ol 0.01%. However all these compounds have significant pharmacological effects (Singh et al, 2021;Muritala et al, 2022).…”