Effect of dietary soybean meal and multienzyme on intestine histology of beluga sturgeon (Huso huso)

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of soybean meal and multienzyme supplementation on intestinal histopathology of beluga sturgeon (Huso huso). Nine diets were formulated (40% crude protein, 13% crude fat and 4150 kcal/kg gross energy) in which fish meal was replaced by soybean meal at 0, 40 and 80% supplemented or not with 1 or 2 g/kg of multienzyme Kemin. Fish (initial weight of 820 g) were fed on experimental diets four times daily at 1% body weight for 12 weeks. From histological analyses, intact villus with normal mucosa was found in the FM group, representing the presence of intact epithelium. Supplementation of enzyme at both levels and soybean meal (alone) in the diet resulted in histopathological alterations in the intestine including mild immune cells infiltration, villus blunting, villus fusion, mononuclear immune cells infiltration as well as necrosis. Soybean meal decreased the length of villuses in the proximal and distal intestines (P \ 0.05). Enzyme was not able to ameliorate the derangements induced by 80% replacement level of fish meal with soybean meal (treatments SB80E1% and SB80E2%). However, coadministrating of the enzyme at both levels with 40% soybean meal (treatments SB40E1% and SB40E2%) was able to inhibit the soybean meal-induced histopathological impairments.

The use of live food as a vehicle of soybean meal for nutritional programming of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides

“…Zhang et al 40 found that 75% replacement of FM with SBM resulted in significantly shorter intestinal villi and, correlated with increased enteritis and a significantly reduced growth rate in Japanese sea bass ( Lateolabrax japonicus ). Similar results were observed in beluga sturgeon ( Huso huso ), where SBM inclusion resulted in shorter and wider distal villi 41 . In addition, Wang et al 6 observed that the complete replacement of FM with SBM in diets reduced the length of the intestinal villi and also the surface area of the villi.…”

“…SBM inclusion in diets has been found to trigger an inflammatory response that negatively affects the morphology of the intestines of fish. The SBM induced inflammation (enteritis) is characterized by shorter villi and a decreased capacity for absorption in the epithelial enterocytes 6 , 38 – 41 . Zhang et al 40 found that 75% replacement of FM with SBM resulted in significantly shorter intestinal villi and, correlated with increased enteritis and a significantly reduced growth rate in Japanese sea bass ( Lateolabrax japonicus ).…”

The effects of partial replacement of fishmeal protein by hydrolysed feather meal protein in the diet with high inclusion of plant protein on growth performance, fillet quality and physiological parameters of Pengze crucian carp ( Carassius auratus var. Pengze)

“…Similarly, dietary carob seed germ meal and soybean meal presented negative impacts on the fold height of intestinal tissue of aquatic fish (Fadel et al, 2017;Sohrabnezhad, Sudagar, & Mazandarani, 2017;Wang, Wang, Zhang, & Song, 2017). Accordingly, in order to better digest feather meal, the increasing of tryptase activity may be the compensatory response in the case of unfavourable condition of intestinal histology in this study.…”

ENERGY AND PROTEIN INGREDIENTS FOR USE IN PIAPARA (<i>Megaleporinus obtusidens</i>) DIETS: NUTRITIVE VALUE AND INTESTINAL MORPHOMETRY

“…Histological analysis revealed significant differences in the villus epithelium thickness of piaparas fed diets with different protein sources. The smaller thickness observed in piaparas fed soybean meal (39.3 µm) may be related to the antinutritional factors in soybeans causing the villi to taper (Van Den Ingh et al, 1991), which may trigger inflammation in the intestinal mucosa 7/9 (Sohrabnezhad et al, 2017) depending on the tolerance of each species and the type of processing (Escaffre et al, 2007).…”