Effect of dietary saffron (<i>Crocus sativus</i>) petal extract on growth performance, blood biochemical indices, antioxidant balance, and immune responses of broiler chickens reared under heat stress conditions

Hosseini-Vashan, Seyyed Javad; Piray, Ali Hossein

doi:10.1080/1828051x.2021.1921628

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…It is reported that, generally, 158,000-300,000 flowers are necessary to produce 1 kg of spice [5], with about 78 kg of petals discarded per 1 kg of stigmas [6,7]. Saffron petals are mainly used for animal feed or as natural dye for fibers [8,9]. However, it is noteworthy that saffron petals are rich in many antioxidant compounds [10], such as phenols, anthocyanins, and flavonoids [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crocus sativus L. Petal Extract Inhibits Inflammation and Osteoclastogenesis in RAW 264.7 Cell Model

et al. 2022

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The dried stigmas of Crocus sativus L. (Iridaceae) are traditionally processed to produce saffron, a spice widely used as a food coloring and flavoring agent, which is important in the pharmaceutical and textile dye-producing industries. The labor-intensive by-hand harvesting and the use of only a small amount of each flower cause saffron to be the most expensive spice in the world. Crocus sp. petals are by-products of saffron production and represent an interesting raw material for the preparation of extracts intended for health protection in the perspective of a circular economy. In the present study, ethanolic extract from Crocus sativus L. petals (Crocus sativus L. petal extract, CsPE) was tested on macrophages by in vitro models of inflammation and osteoclastogenesis. The extract was found to be endowed with anti-inflammatory activity, significantly reducing the nitric oxide production and IL-6 release by RAW 264.7 murine cells. Moreover, CsPE demonstrated an anti-osteoclastogenic effect, as revealed by a complete inhibition of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclast formation and a decreased expression of key osteoclast-related genes. This study, which focuses on the macrophage as the target cell of the bioactive extract from Crocus sativus L. petals, suggests that the petal by-product of saffron processing can usefully be part of a circular economy network aimed at producing an extract that potentially prevents bone disruption.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crocus sativus L. Petal Extract Inhibits Inflammation and Osteoclastogenesis in RAW 264.7 Cell Model

et al. 2022

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“…Heterophils increased in summer at 42 days old, and the higher H/L ratio observed in winter in the LO treatment, at 28 days old, as a result of heterophilia, was contrary to the findings of Osti et al [ 32 ], whereby the H/L ratio was greater during summer, in accordance with Sanchez-Casanova et al [ 13 ], who found a higher H/L ratio in low-density treatments in winter, and Rajkumar et al [ 33 ], whose findings demonstrated a lower H/L ratio in summer. An increase in the H/L ratio is commonly observed during mild to moderate stress [ 34 , 35 ] and is also associated with elevated serum corticosterone concentrations [ 36 ]. Multiple stressors can increase this ratio such as fearfulness and heat stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Providing Outdoor Access to Broilers in the Tropics on Their Behaviour and Stress Responses

Sánchez-Casanova

Sarmiento‐Franco

Phillips

2022

Animals

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The effects of outdoor access, stocking density, and age on broiler behavior, stress, and health indicators in a tropical climate were assessed over two seasons, winter and summer. Two hundred and forty Cobb500 male chickens were allocated to one of four treatments, with six replicates of ten birds in each: low stocking density indoors with outdoor access (LO); high stocking density indoors with outdoor access (HO); low stocking density indoors without outdoor access (LI); and high stocking density indoors without outdoor access (HI). Scan sampling was used to record their behavior both indoors and outdoors. At 28 and 42 days old, blood samples were obtained to determine the heterophil to lymphocyte (H/L) ratio. At 42 days old, chickens were culled and inspected for footpad dermatitis (FPD), and bone quality was examined. Their spleens and bursas of Fabricius were collected and weighed, relative to carcass weight (RW). A factorial analysis was used to test the effects of season (winter or summer), outdoor access (with or without), stocking density (low: 5 animals/m2 or high: 10 animals/m2), and age (28 or 42 days) on the behavior and stress and health indicators. There were no major effects of providing outdoor access on behavior, except that resting was reduced by providing outdoor access to older birds and those at low stocking densities inside. Resting was also greater in indoor and high-density treatments during winter. The bursa of Fabricius was heavier in summer in outdoor birds. The tibia bones were shorter in the outdoor birds. Heterophil numbers were greater in the outdoor treatments in summer but not in winter. These results indicate that outdoor access can increase activity in some situations, and potentially increase bone strength, but it may also increase the risk of stress, particularly heat stress in summer.

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“…Similar conclusions had been drawn from many in vivo experiments. Dietary administration of saffron petal extracts to heat-stressed broiler chickens enhanced the plasma concentration of SOD, GPx, as well as total antioxidant capacity, while reducing the levels of MDA . Similarly, after administration of saffron petal extracts, CAT, SOD, and MDA levels in isoniazid-rifampicin (INH-RIF) treated rats were normalized .…”

Section: Biological Activities Of Saffron Byproductsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Dietary administration of saffron petal extracts to heat-stressed broiler chickens enhanced the plasma concentration of SOD, GPx, as well as total antioxidant capacity, while reducing the levels of MDA. 59 Similarly, after administration of saffron petal extracts, CAT, SOD, and MDA levels in isoniazidrifampicin (INH-RIF) treated rats were normalized. 47 Alipour et al 60 found that subcutaneous injection or oral administration of 25 mg/kg of saffron petal extract resulted in higher SOD and GPx activities and lower triglyceride levels in plasma than the control group; moreover, the GPx activity in kidney and heart was affected by the treatment, and the SOD activity in kidney was also affected.…”

Section: •−mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Components and Biological Activities of Crocus sativus L. Byproducts: A Comprehensive Review

Wu,

Gong,

Sun

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The production of saffron spice results in numerous byproducts, as only 15 g of spice can be produced from 1 kg of flowers, indicating that over 90% of the saffron flower material is eventually discarded as waste. In view of this, the paper reviews current knowledge on the natural active components in saffron byproducts and their biological activities, aiming to lay a theoretical and scientific foundation for the further utilization. Saffron byproducts contain a variety of phytochemical components, such as flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids, phenolic acids, monoterpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, and saponins. The activities of saffron byproducts and their mechanisms are also discussed in detail here.

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Effect of dietary saffron (Crocus sativus) petal extract on growth performance, blood biochemical indices, antioxidant balance, and immune responses of broiler chickens reared under heat stress conditions

Abstract: Piray (2021) Effect of dietary saffron (Crocussativus) petal extract on growth performance, blood biochemical indices, antioxidant balance, and immune responses of broiler chickens reared under heat stress conditions,

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Crocus sativus L. Petal Extract Inhibits Inflammation and Osteoclastogenesis in RAW 264.7 Cell Model

Crocus sativus L. Petal Extract Inhibits Inflammation and Osteoclastogenesis in RAW 264.7 Cell Model

The Effects of Providing Outdoor Access to Broilers in the Tropics on Their Behaviour and Stress Responses

Bioactive Components and Biological Activities of Crocus sativus L. Byproducts: A Comprehensive Review

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