Effect of dietary protein on responses of lambs to repeated Haemonchus contortus infection

Khan, Farman Ali; Sahoo, A.; Sonawane, G. G.; Karim, S. A.; Dhakad, Sachin; Pareek, Arvind; Tripathi, Bhupendra Nath

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2012.08.013

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…immatures RBC) as previously shown [ 23 ]. These results were in accordance with previous studies conducted in sheep, characterizing the type of anaemia induced by H. contortus as regenerative macrocytic hypochromic anaemia [ 24 , 25 ]. Indeed, the pathogenesis of regenerative anaemia includes external hemorrhage which is chronic in the case of H. contortus infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The nutritional status affects the complete blood count of goats experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus

Cériac¹,

Jayles²,

Arquet³

et al. 2017

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundGastrointestinal nematode (GIN) remains the most important pathogenic constraint of small ruminant production worldwide. The improvement of the host immune response against GIN though breeding for improved animal resistance, vaccination and nutritional supplementation appear as very promising methods. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of four nutritional status differing in protein and energy levels (Hay: 5.1 MJ/Kg of dry matter (DM) and 7.6% of crude protein (CP), Ban: 8.3 MJ/Kg of DM and 7.5% of CP, Soy: 7.6 MJ/Kg of DM and 17.3% of CP, BS: 12.7 MJ/Kg of DM and 7.4% of CP) on the haematological disturbances due to Haemonchus contortus infection in Creole kid goats.ResultsNo significant effect of the nutritional status was observed for faecal egg count (FEC) but the experimental infection induced haematological disturbances whose intensity and lengthening were dependent on the nutritional status. A transient marked regenerative macrocytic hypochromic anaemia as revealed by a decrease of packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cells (RBC) and hemoglobin and an increase of reticulocytes was observed in all infected groups except Hay. In this latter, the anaemia settled until the end of the experiment. Furthermore, H. contortus induced a thrombocytopenia significantly more pronounced in the group under the lowest nutritional status in term of protein (Hay and Ban). A principal component analysis revealed that the variables that discriminated the nutritional status were the average daily gain (ADG) and the PCV, considered as measures of the level of resilience to H. contortus infection. Moreover, the variables that discriminated infected and non-infected animals were mostly related to the biology of RBC (i.e. size and hemoglobin content) and they were correlated with FEC.ConclusionsThe severity and the lengthening of the regenerative anaemia and the thrombocytopenia induced by H. contortus have been affected by the nutritional status. The protein enriched diets induced resilience to the infection rather than resistance. This suggests that resilience is associated with an improved regenerative capacity of the bone marrow. However, this needs to be further investigated to understand the relationships between resistance, resilience and dietary supplementation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The nutritional status affects the complete blood count of goats experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus

Cériac¹,

Jayles²,

Arquet³

et al. 2017

BMC Vet Res

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“…BCS was determined in all experimental ewes at 0 and 90 day of experimental period as described by Khan et al. ().…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Live weight (LW) was recorded at weekly interval in the morning before feeding and watering of the ewes. BCS was determined in all experimental ewes at 0 and 90 day of experimental period as described by Khan et al (2012).…”

Section: Dietary Treatments Feeding Regimen and Live Weight Recordingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of feeding complete feed block containing rumen protected protein, non‐protein nitrogen and rumen protected fat on improving body condition and carcass traits of cull ewes

Bhatt

Sahoo

2017

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Nutrient utilization, body condition and carcass traits of cull ewes were studied in three dietary regimens based on complete feed block (CFB) feeding to control (C) with rumen protected protein (RPP), CU [RPP + urea (6 g/kg)] and CUF [RPP + urea + rumen protected fat (RPF; 40 g/kg)]. The RPP component (g/kg) in C had 1% formaldehyde-treated soy flakes 50, mustard cake 50 and sesame cake 30. The mustard and sesame cakes were replaced with urea on equivalent N basis in CU and CUF. The ewes were offered ad libitum CFB composed (g/kg) of concentrate 650, roughage 300 and molasses 50. The digestibility of OM and EE was higher (p< 0.05) in CUF than in CU and C, while that of NDF and ADF was lower (p < 0.05). The CP digestibility was higher in both CU and CUF. Utilization of N and Ca was higher (p < 0.05) in CUF compared with C and CU. Urinary purine derivatives analysis and microbial N synthesis were similar in all the groups. Blood glucose concentration improved at 90 day compared with 0 day. Ruminal attributes showed a higher (p < 0.05) pH, total N, TCA precipitable N, entodiniomorphs and total ciliate population in CU and CUF than in the control. The CUF had higher (p < 0.01) DM, digestible OM and ME intake, which resulted in higher (p < 0.05) weight gain and better feed efficiency. Ewes in all the groups showed an improvement in carcass traits at 90 day. The pre-slaughter weight was higher (p < 0.05) and dissected and KOH bone content was lower in CUF. Thus, feeding of CFB with urea as a cheaper N source and RPF to enrich with energy supported the improved performance as evidenced from higher nutrient input, 'utilization and efficiency with enhanced carcass traits' for better marketability and returns from cull ewes.

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“…Most studies dealing with nutrient digestibility in relation to parasitic infection have been carried out on ruminants infected with nematodes, which are located in the abomasum and small intestine. [18][19][20][21][22][23] The interaction between intestinal helminth infection and nutrition has been reviewed by Poppi et al, 24 Van Houtert and Sykes, 25 Coop and Holmes, 26 Coop and Kyriazakis, 27 Petkevicˇius, 28 and Holmes et al 29 In general, gastrointestinal nematodes reduce nutrient availability in the host through reductions in both voluntary feed intake and/or absorbed nutrient efficiency. The degree to which these two mechanisims impair production is, to some extent, dependent on the species of parasite and its location in the gastrointestinal tract.…”

Section: Gi Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22,23 Other studies have shown that adding protein to the animal diet improves resistance and resilience to several nematode infections. 21,28,41 In recent times, the influence of host nutrition on helminth populations has also received attention, and much information is available. 28,[42][43][44][45][46][47] Gastrointestinal helminths have very specific physicochemical requirements of their host gut environment, and nutritionally mediated changes may have a direct influence on parasite populations.…”

Section: Gi Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect ofSyphacia murison nutrient digestibility in laboratory rats

et al. 2015

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This study was carried out to investigate how pinworm infection in rats affects nutrient digestibility in the hosts. Twenty-four male outbred Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups of 12 rats each. The rats from the first group (GI) were kept in cages with bedding containing pinworm eggs, and the second (control) group (GII) were kept in a separate room in clean, uncontaminated filter-top cages. The animals were put into individual metabolic cages later. Metabolic trials lasted five days and records of animal weight, food ingestion, and faecal weight were taken daily. Based on laboratory analysis of the feed and faecal nutrient content, digestibility values were determined. On day 15 of the experiment, the animals were euthanized. Although Syphacia muris were found in all rats from the GI group, animals exhibited no clinical signs. In our experiment, S. muris infection reduced the overall digestibility of all measured nutrients (P < 0.01). The most significant differences in digestibility were observed in the case of crude fibre and mineral matter (P < 0.01).

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Effect of dietary protein on responses of lambs to repeated Haemonchus contortus infection

Cited by 17 publications

References 31 publications

The nutritional status affects the complete blood count of goats experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus

The nutritional status affects the complete blood count of goats experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus

Effect of feeding complete feed block containing rumen protected protein, non‐protein nitrogen and rumen protected fat on improving body condition and carcass traits of cull ewes

The effect ofSyphacia murison nutrient digestibility in laboratory rats

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