Effect of Dietary Omega 3 Phosphatidylcholine on Obesity-Related Disorders in Obese Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty Rats

Abstract

Recent reports have shown that dietary phosphatidylcholine (PC) has various beneficial biological effects. Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega3 PUFAs) have also been reported to have lipid-lowering effects in animal models and human studies. In the present study, we investigated the effect of omega3 PUFAs containing PC (omega3-PC) on obesity-related disorders in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats. Rats were fed semisynthetic diets that contained either 5% corn oil and 2% egg-PC or 5% corn oil and 2% omega3-PC for 4 weeks. During this 4 week feeding of the omega3-PC, the OLEFT rats showed a decrease of omental white adipose tissue weight. In addition, the omega3-PC diet significantly decreased liver weight and hepatic lipid levels in OLETF rats. These changes were attributable to the significant suppression of fatty acid synthase activity and significant enhancement in the activities of carnitine palmitoyltransferase and peroxisomal beta-oxidation. Moreover, the omega3-PC diet reduced serum glucose levels concomitant with the increase of serum adiponectin levels. These results show that compared with egg-PC, omega3-PC can prevent or alleviate obesity-related disorders through the suppression of fatty acid synthesis, enhancement of fatty acid beta-oxidation, and increase of the serum adiponectin level in OLETF rats.

Functional Lipids in Metabolic Syndrome

“…Because several studies indicating that physiological effects of omega3-PUFAs could be affected by both their binding positions and combination with hydrophilic constituents in glycerolipid structure (1,7,8), evaluating the physiological functions of "omega3-PUFA-containing structured lipids" would be of great interest in future study (Fig. 3).…”

Short-term Effects of Different Fish Oil Formulations on Tissue Absorption of Docosahexaenoic Acid in Mice Fed High- and Low-Fat Diets

“…The n-3 PUFA-enriched PLs used in existing studies were mainly obtained from krill or fish roe; the PLs contained 7-28 DHA and 5-12.5 EPA 26 33 . Supplementation with n-3 PUFAs in the form of PLs could improve the biological and nutritional benefits 24,25 , including anti-inflammatory actions 26,27 , antioxidant activity on brain lipids 10 , improved memory and learning 12 , reduced blood and tissue lipids 28 31 , increased bioavailability of EPA and DHA in plasma 32,33 , and a tendency toward reduced obesity 27,31 . The results can perhaps be ascribed to the amphiphilic character of phospholipids.…”

Quantities of Phospholipid Molecular Classes in Japanese Meals and Prediction of Their Sources by Multiple Regression Analysis

“…PL intake is estimated to be 2-4 g per day (1-3), which amounts to approximately 10% of total dietary lipids (4,5). Growing evidence indicates that dietary PLs have beneficial effects compared with dietary triacylglycerols (TAGs), including prevention of dyslipidemia (6)(7)(8)(9) and fatty liver disease (10)(11)(12)(13). In addition, dietary sphingomyelin (SM), classified together with glycerophospholipids (glyceroPLs) as PL, has beneficial effects such as prevention of early-stage colon cancer (14) and improvement of skin barrier function (15).…”