Effect of Dietary Medium-Chain Triacylglycerol on Serum Albumin and Nitrogen Balance in Malnourished Rats

Kojima, Keiichi; Ogawa, Akiko; Nakamura, Reiko; Kasai, Michio

doi:10.3164/jcbn.2008007

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…When serum albumin decreased by 1 g/L, the odds of being classified as malnourished increased 1.1-fold (25); thus, serum albumin is a marker of nutrition status (26). The present study showed that dietary MCT improved plasma albumin concentration compared with LCT (Table 3), similar to the results of a previous study (5,6). In addition, the liver albumin level was higher in the MCT-fed group than in the LCT-fed group (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Previous studies showed that dietary MCT improved serum albumin concentration in malnourished rats (5,6) and in elderly people with PEM status (4). However, the mechanism for this effect of dietary MCT was not clarified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen balance was also improved by dietary MCT (5,7). Kojima and Kasai hypothesized that improvement of protein balance with MCT intake occurred through suppression of gluconeogenesis, which mainly started from body protein degradation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous studies, dietary MCT improved serum albumin concentration in elderly people with PEM (4) and in malnourished rats (5,6). Nitrogen balance was also improved by dietary MCT (5,7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medium-Chain Triacylglycerol Suppresses the Decrease of Plasma Albumin Level through the Insulin-Akt-mTOR Pathway in the Livers of Malnourished Rats

Sekine

Terada

Aoyama

2013

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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123Medium-chain triacylglycerol (MCT) has been utilized for improvements of nutritional and energy statuses in preterm infants (1) and in patients with a variety of malabsorptive disorders (2) since the 1960s, because MCT is rapidly digested and absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. On the other hand, in elderly people, digestion and absorption are delayed by aging, and energy intake is decreased by decreased physical activity. Most elderly people, especially those residing in nursing homes and hospitals, tend to suffer from protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) (3). PEM status is indicated by hypoalbuminemia. Albumin is synthesized in the liver, and serum albumin is a major component of serum protein, which sustains osmotic pressure and transports many kinds of substances or hormones to organs. Serum albumin has been the most common index of nutritional status. Its concentration in serum is influenced by many factors independent of nutritional factors, such as infections, trauma (by an increase in the transcapillary escape rate of albumin), hydration status (by haemodilution), liver function (by a decrease in synthesis) and kidney disease (by albumin losses).In previous studies, dietary MCT improved serum albumin concentration in elderly people with PEM (4) and in malnourished rats (5, 6). Nitrogen balance was also improved by dietary MCT (5, 7). Kojima and Kasai hypothesized that improvement of protein balance with MCT intake occurred through suppression of gluconeogenesis, which mainly started from body protein degradation. However, gluconeogenic enzymes were not changed in malnourished rats fed MCT (6). Therefore, the mechanism for the albumin improvement effect of dietary MCT is not yet clear. The results of previous studies indicated that dietary MCT increases serum insulin concentration in the rats (6,8,9) and humans (7, 10). One of the main properties of MCT is its ketogenic character (8,11,12). Madison et al. reported that ketone bodies have a direct stimulatory effect on the pancreatic beta cells (13). Insulin and other growth factors activate mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1) via the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and its downstream effecter, Akt (also called protein kinase B) (14,15). Active mTOR enhances cell growth by promoting mRNA translation and increasing cell mass (16,17). Ijichi et al. reported that branched-chain amino acids promote albumin synthesis in rat hepatocytes through the mTOR signal transduction system (18). Because mTOR might relate to albumin synthesis, we hypothesized that one of the mechanisms for the albumin improvement effect of dietary MCT is related to the insulin-Akt-mTOR signal transduction system. To clarify the albumin improvement mechanism of MCT, in the present study we evalu- Summary Recent studies have shown that medium-chain triacylglycerol (MCT) improved serum albumin concentration in elderly people with protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) and in malnourished rats. However, the mechanism for this effect has not been clarified....

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medium-Chain Triacylglycerol Suppresses the Decrease of Plasma Albumin Level through the Insulin-Akt-mTOR Pathway in the Livers of Malnourished Rats

Sekine

Terada

Aoyama

2013

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…The urinary albumin excretion rate was calculated from urinary albumin, measured using nephelometry (antibody binding) technique 13,15 . Urinary protein was measured using a commercial kit 16 . Insulin levels were assessed using a commercial ELISA kit for rat insulin by sandwich type immunoassay using monoclonal antibody specific for rat insulin 17 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel biphenyl compound, VMNS2e, ameliorates streptozotocin‐induced diabetic nephropathy in rats

Kurundkar

Sachan²,

Kodam

et al. 2010

Journal of Diabetes

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Aim: To study the effect of a new biphenyl synthetic compound showing interactions with the active site of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B by docking and molecular dynamics, VMNS2e in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic nephropathy in rats with various renal function parameters and renal ultrastructure. Methods: Streptozotocin (55 mg/kg)‐induced diabetic rats were orally treated once daily with VMNS2e (30, 60, and 120 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. The body weight and blood glucose levels of the rats were recorded during the study period. After 8 weeks of treatment creatinine clearance, urinary protein, blood urea nitrogen, urinary albumin excretion rate, and insulin levels were measured. An ultrastructure study of the kidney tissue was performed and the glomerular basement membrane thickness was measured. Results: Eight weeks of VMNS2e treatment significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose level, attenuated elevating blood urea nitrogen levels, and reduced glomerular basement membrane thickness. Conclusion: It is concluded that VMNS2e treatment at 30 and 60 mg/kg, when given for 8 weeks, partly ameliorated early diabetic nephropathy in diabetic rats.

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Efficacy and safety of modified fasting therapy for weight loss in 2054 hospitalized patients

Liu

Feng

et al. 2023

Obesity

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Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of modified fasting therapy, and a retrospective study was conducted to analyze changes in clinical indicators of hospitalized fasting patients. Methods A total of 2054 hospitalized fasting patients were enrolled in this observational study. All participants underwent 7 days of modified fasting therapy. The clinical efficacy biomarkers, safety indicators, and body composition were measured before and after fasting. Results The modified fasting therapy reduced body weight, BMI, abdominal circumference, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure significantly. Blood glucose and indicators of body composition were improved to various extents (all p < 0.05). There was a small increase in liver function, kidney function, uric acid, electrolytes, blood count, coagulation, and uric biomarkers. Subgroup analysis results showed that cardiovascular diseases benefited from modified fasting therapy. Conclusions At present this study is the largest retrospective population‐based study about modified fasting therapy. The results from 2054 patients showed that the modified fasting therapy lasting 7 days was efficient and safe. It led to improvements in physical health and body weight‐associated indicators, as well as body composition and relevant cardiovascular risk factors.

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Effect of Dietary Medium-Chain Triacylglycerol on Serum Albumin and Nitrogen Balance in Malnourished Rats

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Medium-Chain Triacylglycerol Suppresses the Decrease of Plasma Albumin Level through the Insulin-Akt-mTOR Pathway in the Livers of Malnourished Rats

Medium-Chain Triacylglycerol Suppresses the Decrease of Plasma Albumin Level through the Insulin-Akt-mTOR Pathway in the Livers of Malnourished Rats

Novel biphenyl compound, VMNS2e, ameliorates streptozotocin‐induced diabetic nephropathy in rats

Efficacy and safety of modified fasting therapy for weight loss in 2054 hospitalized patients

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