Effect of dietary intake on urinary oxalate excretion in calcium renal stone formers

MASAI, M.; ITO, H.; KOTAKE, T.

doi:10.1111/j.1464-410x.1996.tb00671.x

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This indicates that there is a major uptake of oxalate from the small intestine in healthy humans. The relationship between soluble and insoluble oxalate in the small intestine seems to have a major effect on oxalate bioavailability, since ingestion of calcium together with oxalate-rich foods has been shown to lower the uptake of both calcium and oxalates (Marshall et al, 1972;Barilla et al, 1978;Heaney et al, 1988;Masai et al, 1995;Holmes et al, 1996;Weaver et al, 1997;Savage et al, 2000). This indicates that insoluble calcium oxalate has a much lower bioavailability than the soluble from of oxalate, and that an oxalate rich=low calcium diet leads to a greater uptake of oxalate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability of soluble oxalate from tea and the effect of consuming milk with the tea

2003

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Objectives: To measure the availability of oxalate normally extracted when making tea from two commercially available black teas bought from a supermarket in Christchurch, New Zealand in July 2001. Design, subjects and intervention: A randomized double crossover study. Six students and four staff consumed six cups of each brand of tea both with and without added milk over a 24 h period. A total urine collection was taken for the initial 6 h followed by a further 18 h. The oxalate content of the urine voided was measured using an enzyme kit method and the availability of the soluble oxalate consumed was measured for the 6 h and the total 24 h sample. Setting: University campus. Results: The mean soluble oxalate content of black tea in the two different commercial tea bags was respectively 6.1 and 6.3 mg soluble oxalate=g tea. The mean availability of the oxalate extracted from tea measured over a 6 h period ranged from 1.9 to 4.7% when tea was consumed without milk. The availability of the soluble oxalate from tea ranged from 73.0 to 2.3% for each of the two brands of tea investigated over a 24 h period. Conclusion: These studies show that consuming black tea on a daily basis will lead to a moderate intake of soluble oxalate each day, however the consumption of tea with milk on a regular basis will result in the absorption of very little oxalate from tea. Sponsorship: Lincoln University.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability of soluble oxalate from tea and the effect of consuming milk with the tea

2003

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“…Both minerals can directly interact with oxalate to form an insoluble complex to lower the free oxalate concentration in the gastrointestinal tract (45) , resulting in a reduction in the absorption of oxalate (42,46,47) . Fat and phosphate can act as scavengers for Ca, thereby indirectly increasing the availability of oxalate for uptake by the intestine (48,49) . In addition, oxalate-degrading bacteria, such as Oxalobacter formigenes present in the intestinal tract of man and rats, are known to reduce the contribution of exogenous urinary oxalates to total urinary oxalates, as this bacterium uses oxalic acid (or its anion oxalate) as its sole energy source by degrading oxalic acid to formate (50,51) .…”

Section: Urinary Oxalatementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of nutrition on feline calcium oxalate urolithiasis with emphasis on endogenous oxalate synthesis

et al. 2011

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The prevalence of calcium oxalate (CaOx) uroliths detected in cats with lower urinary tract disease has shown a sharp increase over the last decades with a concomitant reciprocal decrease in the occurrence of struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate) uroliths. CaOx stone-preventative diets are available nowadays, but seem to be marginally effective, as CaOx urolith recurrence occurs in patients fed these diets. In order to improve the preventative measures against CaOx urolithiasis, it is important to understand its aetiopathogenesis. The main research focus in CaOx formation in cats has been on the role of Ca, whereas little research effort has been directed towards the role and origin of urinary oxalates. As in man, the exogenous origin of urinary oxalates in cats is thought to be of minor importance, although the precise contribution of dietary oxalates remains unclear. The generally accepted dietary risk factors for CaOx urolithiasis in cats are discussed and a model for the biosynthetic pathways of oxalate in feline liver is provided. Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase 1 (AGT1) in endogenous oxalate metabolism is a liver-specific enzyme targeted in the mitochondria in cats, and allows for efficient conversion of glyoxylate to glycine when fed a carnivorous diet. The low peroxisomal activity of AGT1 in cat liver is compatible with the view that felids utilised a low-carbohydrate diet throughout evolution. Future research should focus on understanding de novo biosynthesis of oxalate in cats and their adaptation(s) in oxalate metabolism, and on dietary oxalate intake and absorption by cats.

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“…In fact, epidemiological studies have shown no significant correlation between protein intake and the risk of developing renal stones [9][10][11][12]. On the other hand, the evaluation and management of dietary habits in renal stone formers have indicated high protein consumption, associated or not with other nutrients, compared to healthy subjects [1][2][3][4][5][6]17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have noted high protein intake in calcium stone formers [1][2][3][4][5][6] and disturbance of urinary inhibitors and promoters of calculogenesis, like hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria and hypocitraturia [7,8]. In contrast, many others based on analysis of dietary habits have not reported significant differences in consumption of animal protein in calcium stone formation patients compared with healthy subjects [9][10][11][12]. Furthermore, many studies have reported that high protein diet does not induce hyperoxaluria [10,13] which is considered the most lithogenic component leading to calcium oxalate stones [14] and oxaluria was correlated mostly to dietary vitamin C intake [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, many others based on analysis of dietary habits have not reported significant differences in consumption of animal protein in calcium stone formation patients compared with healthy subjects [9][10][11][12]. Furthermore, many studies have reported that high protein diet does not induce hyperoxaluria [10,13] which is considered the most lithogenic component leading to calcium oxalate stones [14] and oxaluria was correlated mostly to dietary vitamin C intake [6]. Result disparity, especially in epidemiological studies, as it appeared to us was due in a greater part to including a multitude of nutritional factors leading to renal stones [1,4,[6][7][8] and neglecting interaction and cumulative effects of these nutrients on lithogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Hyperprotidic Diet Associated or Not with Hypercalcic Diet on Calcium Oxalate Stone Formation in Rat

Sakly¹,

Bardaoui²,

Neffati³

et al. 2005

Ann Nutr Metab

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The aim of this study was to determine whether protein, administered alone or simultaneously with a hypercalcic diet, was able to aggravate calcium oxalate stone formation in rats. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of 8 rats each and assigned a calcium oxalate lithogenic diet added to their drinking water for 3 weeks. One group, used as reference, received a standard diet prepared in our laboratory. The second was assigned the same diet but supplemented with 7.5 g animal proteins/100 g diet. The third received a diet containing 500 mg calcium more than the standard group. The diet given to the last group was supplemented with calcium and protein at the same doses indicated previously. One day before the end of treatment, each animal was placed in a metabolic cage to collect 24-hour urine samples and determine urinary creatinine, urea, calcium, magnesium, phosphate, uric acid, citric acid and oxalate levels. Immediately thereafter, aortic blood was collected to determine the same parameters as in urine. The kidneys were also removed to determine calcium oxalate deposits. Our results showed an increased 24-hour urinary excretion of calcium, oxalate and uric acid and decreased urinary citric acid excretion only in groups that received protein supplementation. At the same time, calcium oxalate deposits were found significantly higher in hyperprotidic diets than reference or calcium-supplemented groups. According to these findings, glomerular filtration, fractional excretion of urea and reabsorption of water, calcium and magnesium were found significantly lower in hyperprotidic diets compared to other groups. These results demonstrate that proteins could seriously aggravate calcium oxalate stones and cause renal disturbances.

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Effect of dietary intake on urinary oxalate excretion in calcium renal stone formers

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Bioavailability of soluble oxalate from tea and the effect of consuming milk with the tea

Bioavailability of soluble oxalate from tea and the effect of consuming milk with the tea

Influence of nutrition on feline calcium oxalate urolithiasis with emphasis on endogenous oxalate synthesis

Effect of Hyperprotidic Diet Associated or Not with Hypercalcic Diet on Calcium Oxalate Stone Formation in Rat

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