Effect of Dietary Gelatin Supplementation on the Expression of Selected Enterocyte Genes, Intestinal Development and Early Chick Performance

Fasina, Y. O.; Moran, E. T.; Ashwell, C. M.; Conner, D. E.; Leslie, M. A.; McKee, S. R.

doi:10.3923/ijps.2007.944.951

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…DNA concentration reflects the rate of mitosis to produce new cells, RNA/ DNA ratio indicates cellular efficiency, and protein/DNA ratio implicates the efficiency of protein synthesis in cells (Hou et al 2012;Fasina et al 2007). Infection, sepsis or trauma can induce marked changes in protein metabolism (Jepson et al 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplementation with glutamate precursor α-ketoglutarate attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in young pigs

Wang

Hou

et al. 2015

Amino Acids

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There is growing interest in glutamate as a functional amino acid in nutrition and health. This study was conducted to determine whether glutamate precursor α-ketoglutarate (AKG) could alleviate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury in young pigs. Twenty-four piglets were randomly assigned to the control, LPS, or LPS + AKG group. Piglets in the control and LPS groups were fed a basal diet, whereas piglets in the NAC group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1 % AKG. On days 10, 12, 14, and 16 of the trial, piglets in the LPS and LPS + AKG groups received intraperitoneal administration of LPS (80 μg/kg BW), whereas piglets in the control group received the same volume of saline. On day 16 of the trial, blood samples were collected 3 h after LPS or saline injection. Twenty-four hours post-administration of LPS or saline (on day 17 of the trial), piglets were killed to obtain liver for analysis. Dietary AKG supplementation alleviated LPS-induced histomorphological abnormalities and mitigated LPS-induced increases in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity and AST/ALT ratio (P < 0.05). Compared with the LPS group, dietary supplementation with AKG decreased plasma glutamate concentration, while increasing hepatic concentrations of glutamate, glutamine, leucine, asparagine, lysine, alanine, serine, threonine, valine, and phenylalanine (P < 0.05). LPS challenge dramatically increased concentrations of malondialdehyde and decreased glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver. Additionally, LPS challenge enhanced concentrations of AMP and total protein, as well as RNA/DNA and total protein/DNA ratios, while decreasing hepatic ADP concentrations. These adverse effects of LPS challenge were ameliorated by AKG supplementation. Collectively, dietary AKG supplementation provides a new means to ameliorate LPS-induced liver injury by increasing anti-oxidative capacity and improving energy metabolism in young pigs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplementation with glutamate precursor α-ketoglutarate attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in young pigs

Wang

Hou

et al. 2015

Amino Acids

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“…Protein/RNA ratio may reflect the potential for protein synthesis and actual protein synthesis rate, namely the ability of cells ribosome’s translation into protein. RNA/DNA ratio reflected the organization’s vitality and the efficiency of individual cells [ 35 ]. In this study, protein/DNA ratio in ileum tended to be higher in response to the low energy diets, indicating that the intestinal mucosal cells may be enlarged which may increase the absorption area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary energy and lipase levels on nutrient digestibility, digestive physiology and noxious gas emission in weaning pigs

Liu

Cao

et al. 2018

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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ObjectiveThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary energy and lipase supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, serum profiles, intestinal morphology, small intestinal digestive enzyme activities, biochemical index of intestinal development and noxious gas emission in weaning pigs.MethodsA total of 240 weaning pigs ([Yorkshire×Landrace]×Duroc) with an average body weight (BW) of 7.3±0.12 kg were used in this 28-d experiment. Weaning pigs were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement with 2 levels of energy (net energy = 2,470 kcal/kg for low energy diet and 2,545 kcal/kg for basal diet) and 2 levels of lipase (0 and 1.5 U/g of lipase) according to BW and sex. There were 6 replications (pens) per treatment and 10 pigs per pen (5 barrows and 5 gilts).ResultsWeaning pigs fed the low energy diet had lower (p<0.05) gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) throughout the experiment, apparent digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, ether extract, and gross energy during d 0 to 14, average daily gain during d 15 to 28, lipase activity in duodenum and ileum and protein/DNA in jejunum (p<0.05), respectively. Lipase supplementation had no effect on growth performance but affected apparent nutrient digestibility (p<0.05) on d 14 and enhanced lipase activity in the duodenum and ileum and protease activity in duodenum and jejunum of pigs (p<0.05) fed the low energy diet. Lipase reduced serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG), NH3 production (p<0.05) from the feces.ConclusionThe low energy diet decreased G:F throughout the experiment and nutrient digestibility during d 0 to 14 as well as lipase activity in duodenum and ileum. Lipase supplementation increased nutrient digestibility during d 0 to 14 and exerted beneficial effects on lipase activity in duodenum and ileum as well as protease activity in duodenum and jejunum, while reduced serum LDL-C, TG and fecal NH3.

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“…Moreover, dietary OCM supplementation increased ileal DNA concentrations and RNA/DNA ratios, both of which can be used to assess intestinal development [ 13 ]. DNA concentration reflects the rate of mitosis for producing new columnar epithelial cells, whereas an RNA/DNA ratio indicates cellular efficiency and a protein/DNA ratio implicates the efficiency of protein synthesis in cells [ 14 ]. Therefore, our results demonstrated that dietary OCM supplementation could stimulate the growth of the intestinal mucosa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Supplementation with Oleum Cinnamomi Improves Intestinal Functions in Piglets

Fang

Hou

Wang

et al. 2018

IJMS

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The present study was to determine the efficacy of dietary supplementation with oleum cinnamomi (OCM) on growth performance and intestinal functions in piglets. Sixteen piglets (24-day-old) were randomly assigned to the control or OCM groups. Piglets in the control group were fed a basal diet, whereas piglets in the OCM group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg OCM. On day 20 of the trial, blood samples and intestinal tissues were obtained from piglets. Compared with the control group, dietary OCM supplementation increased (p < 0.05) average daily feed intake, plasma insulin levels, villus width and villous surface area in the duodenum and jejunum, DNA levels and RNA/DNA ratios in the ileum, the abundance of Enterococcus genus and Lactobacillus genus in caecum digesta, mRNA levels for epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), Ras, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2), b-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL), villin, junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A), myxovirus resistance (MX) 1, MX2 and regenerating islet-derived protein 3 gamma (REG3G), and protein abundances of Ras and claudin-1, but decreased (p < 0.05) diarrhoea incidence; the abundances of Enterobacteriaceae family, Enterococcus genus, Lactobacillus genus, Bifidobacterium genus, and Clostrium coccoides in the colon digesta, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) mRNA levels and caspase-3 protein abundance in the jejunal mucosa of piglets. Taken together, these data indicate that dietary OCM supplementation modulates intestinal microbiota and improves intestinal function in weanling pigs. OCM is an effective feed additive and alternative to feed antibiotics for improving intestinal health in swine.

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Effect of Dietary Gelatin Supplementation on the Expression of Selected Enterocyte Genes, Intestinal Development and Early Chick Performance

Cited by 18 publications

References 44 publications

Dietary supplementation with glutamate precursor α-ketoglutarate attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in young pigs

Dietary supplementation with glutamate precursor α-ketoglutarate attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in young pigs

Effects of dietary energy and lipase levels on nutrient digestibility, digestive physiology and noxious gas emission in weaning pigs

Dietary Supplementation with Oleum Cinnamomi Improves Intestinal Functions in Piglets

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