Effect of dietary fish oil on body fat mass and basal fat oxidation in healthy adults

Couet, Charles; Delarue, Jacques; Ritz, Patrick; Antoine, Jean‐Michel; Lamisse, F

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0800451

Cited by 283 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Several studies report that the intake of high-fat diets containing fatty acids from fish oil high in n-3 PUFA limits the hypertrophy of fat depots compared with the intake of high-fat diets containing lard or beef tallow in rats (Parrish et al 1990(Parrish et al , 1991Belzung et al 1993;Hainault et al 1993). Similar results have been obtained with several animal models such as obese Zucker rats (Carlotti et al 1993), mice (Ikemoto et al 1996), obese ob/ob mice (Cunnane et al 1986), hamsters (Jones, 1989), and also in human subjects (Couet et al 1997). Feeding fish oil for about 1 month limits the hypertrophy of retroperitoneal and epididymal adipose tissues in rats compared with a diet containing the same amount of lard when the energy intake is similar (Parrish et al 1991;Belzung et al 1993).…”

Section: Effect Of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids On Body Fat Accumulationsupporting

confidence: 74%

Selectivity of fatty acids on lipid metabolism and gene expression

Raclot¹,

Oudart²

1999

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Triacylglycerols represent the main form of storage for a wide spectrum of fatty acids. Their utilization first involves mobilization from adipose tissue through lipolysis. The release of individual fatty acids from adipose tissue is selective in vitro and in vivo in animal studies and also in human subjects. Generally, fatty acids are more readily mobilized from fat cells when they are short-chain and unsaturated. This selectivity could affect the storage of individual fatty acids in adipose tissue, and their subsequent supply to tissues. The nature of the dietary fats could affect lipid homeostasis and body fat deposition. Dietary fish oil influences adipose tissue development in a site-specific manner as a function of diet and feeding period. A diet high in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) results in a preferential partitioning of ingested energy towards oxidation at the expense of storage. Fatty acids are important mediators of gene expression in the liver. Indeed, genes encoding both glycolytic and lipogenic enzymes and key metabolic enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation are regulated by dietary PUFA. White adipose tissue could also be a target for PUFA control of gene expression. The treatment of pre-adipose cells by fatty acids induces the expression of numerous genes that encode proteins involved in fatty acid metabolism. The mechanisms of PUFA-mediated repression of gene expression in adipocytes seem to be different, at least partly, from those described in liver. Tissue-specific and site-specific factors are possibly involved in the specific effect of PUFA on gene expression, although other mechanisms cannot be excluded.

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Section: Effect Of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids On Body Fat Accumulationsupporting

confidence: 74%

Selectivity of fatty acids on lipid metabolism and gene expression

Raclot¹,

Oudart²

1999

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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“…Therefore, n-3 LC-PUFA are now regarded as healthy constituents of diets for diabetic patients [2,3]. Several studies in obese humans even demonstrated reductions of adiposity after n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation [4,5]. However, n-3 LC-PUFA appear to have little effect on glycaemic control in diabetic patients [4,6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

n-3 Fatty acids and rosiglitazone improve insulin sensitivity through additive stimulatory effects on muscle glycogen synthesis in mice fed a high-fat diet

et al. 2009

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Aims/hypothesis Fatty acids of marine origin, i.e. docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) act as hypolipidaemics, but they do not improve glycaemic control in obese and diabetic patients. Thiazolidinediones like rosiglitazone are specific activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, which improve wholebody insulin sensitivity. We hypothesised that a combined treatment with a DHA and EPA concentrate (DHA/EPA) and rosiglitazone would correct, by complementary additive mechanisms, impairments of lipid and glucose homeostasis in obesity.Methods Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a corn oil-based high-fat diet. The effects of DHA/EPA (replacing 15% dietary lipids), rosiglitazone (10 mg/kg diet) or a combination of both on body weight, adiposity, metabolic markers and adiponectin in plasma, as well as on liver and muscle gene expression and metabolism were analysed. Euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamps were used to characterise the changes in insulin sensitivity. The effects of the treatments were also analysed in dietary obese mice with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Results DHA/EPA and rosiglitazone exerted additive effects in prevention of obesity, adipocyte hypertrophy, Diabetologia (2009) 52:941-951

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“…80,81 There is evidence suggesting that high dietary intake of LCPUFAs of the n-3 series is associated with low prevalence of hypertension, coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. [82][83][84][85] LCPUFAs have protective effects against inflammation, platelet aggregation, hypertension and hyperlipidemia. 86 A significant association between birth weight and serum levels of eicosapentenoic acid and docosahexenoic acid, which have been associated with cardiometabolic risk, [87][88][89] has recently been described in a large European cohort of adolescents (HELENA study).…”

Section: Evidence For Liver Programmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of intrauterine growth retardation on liver and long-term metabolic risk

Cianfarani

Agostoni

Bedogni³

et al. 2012

Int J Obes

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Intrauterine growth retardation predisposes toward long-term morbidity from type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. To explain this association, the concept of programming was introduced to indicate a process whereby a stimulus or insult at a critical period of development has lasting or lifelong consequences on key endocrine and metabolic pathways. Subtle changes in cell composition of tissues, induced by suboptimal conditions in utero, can influence postnatal physiological functions. There is increasing evidence, suggesting that liver may represent one of the candidate organs targeted by programming, undergoing structural, functional and epigenetic changes following exposure to an unfavorable intrauterine environment. The aim of this review is to provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying liver programming that contribute to increase the cardiometabolic risk in subjects with intrauterine growth restriction.

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Effect of dietary fish oil on body fat mass and basal fat oxidation in healthy adults

Cited by 283 publications

References 29 publications

Selectivity of fatty acids on lipid metabolism and gene expression

Selectivity of fatty acids on lipid metabolism and gene expression

n-3 Fatty acids and rosiglitazone improve insulin sensitivity through additive stimulatory effects on muscle glycogen synthesis in mice fed a high-fat diet

Effect of intrauterine growth retardation on liver and long-term metabolic risk

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