Effect of Dietary Fat on Total Mercury Content, Antioxidative Factors, and Lipid Profile in Adult Mice Exposed to Low Levels of Methylmercury

Shirai, Nobuyuki; Yamaki, Kohji; Yamashita, Yumiko; Yamashita, Michiaki

doi:10.3136/fstr.18.119

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…GTEand GTE + FO-treated groups had significantly lower ratios of GOT to GPT than the MeHg-exposed group. The GTE + FO-treated group had a significantly higher plasma urea ous study, brain catalase activity was significantly higher in mice fed a diet containing 2 ppm MeHg than in the control animals, though brain TBARS concentrations did not differ between these groups (Shirai et al, 2012). These observations imply that MeHg exposure leads to oxidative stress without increasing brain TBARS.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 49%

“…Previous reports have indicated that dietary GTE and FO can reduce body weight by increasing fat oxidation (Rains et al, 2011;Martínez-Victoria and Yago, 2012;Buckley and Howe, 2010;Sae-Tan et al, 2011). Previously, we showed that FO intake also reduced Hg accumulation in muscle and led to loss of body weight in MeHg-exposed mice (Shirai et al, 2012). Greener et al (1983) indicated that most of the MeHg was associated with a high molecular weight lipoprotein (HDL) fraction in vitro, and Yun et al (2013) indicated that the mercury-containing protein in the human plasma is human serum albumin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1.9 ± 0.1 2.0 ± 0.1 1.6 ± 0.0 ** 2.6 ± 0.1 ** 2.2 ± 0.1 PAO Plasma (μM/mL) 243 ± 5 200 ± 7 ## 212 ± 7 213 ± 6 239 ± 7 ** Brain (μM/mg protein) 32.2 ± 0.7 34.9 ± 0.6 # 25.8 ± 0.9 ** 27.2 ± 1.2 ** 31.4 ± 0.8 * Liver (μM/mg protein) 2.56 ± 0.03 2.60 ± 0.02 2.54 ± 0.01 2.58 ± 0.04 2.68 ± 0.01 * Ascorbic acid Plasma (μg/mL) 2.14 ± 0.19 1.77 ± 0.10 1.67 ± 0.11 1.59 ± 0.10 1.50 ± 0.06 Brain (μg/g) 442 ± 20 447 ± 17 414 ± 10 375 ± 9 ** 397 ± 12 * Liver (μg/g) 20 ± 1 18 ± 1 18 ± 1 17 ± 1 17 ± 1 ous study, brain catalase activity was significantly higher in mice fed a diet containing 2 ppm MeHg than in the control animals, though brain TBARS concentrations did not differ between these groups (Shirai et al, 2012). These observations imply that MeHg exposure leads to oxidative stress without increasing brain TBARS.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Ascorbic acid concentrations were significantly lower in the brains of FO-and FO + GTE-treated groups than in those of the MeHg-exposed group. Our previous observations indicated that dietary FO lowered brain ascorbic acid concentrations in mice on a high lard diet (Shirai et al, 2012). Therefore, brain ascorbic acid concentrations do not appear to be affected by MeHg exposure, further indicating that GTE and/or FO intake could prevent MeHg-mediated deterioration of brain function by reducing oxidative stress.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

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Simultaneous Effects of Green Tea Extracts and Fish Oil on Mercury Accumulation and Antioxidant Defenses in Methylmercury-exposed Adult Mice

Shirai

Yamashita

2013

FSTR

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Male mice (4 months old) were fed green tea extract-(GTE; 0.25% w/w) and/or fish oil-(FO; 5% w/w) containing diets with 8 ppm methylmercury (MeHg) chloride for 4 months to investigate the effects of simultaneous intakes on brain functions, antioxidant defenses against MeHg, and MeHg accumulation in tissues. In mouse maze tests, intake of GTE or FO significantly improved the learning ability of MeHg-exposed mice. GTE and FO also significantly decreased liver and brain catalase activities in MeHg-exposed mice. Total Hg concentrations in muscle were significantly lowered by dietary GTE and FO in the MeHgexposed group, though no remarkable differences were observed in the brain. These data indicate that simultaneous intake of GTE and FO effectively prevents MeHg-mediated oxidative stress and reduces the effects of Hg exposure with fish consumption.Keywords: fish oil, green tea, methylmercury, ascorbic acid, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: nshinya@affrc.go.jp IntroductionFish contains several nutrients that are beneficial to human health. However, fish has been known to contain hazardous components such as methylmercury (MeHg), which has been linked to decreased neuropsychological function and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (Choi et al., 2009;Virtanen et al., 2007). In contrast, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) contained in fish improve brain function (Guesnet et al., 2011;Mourek and Mourek, 2011) and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases (Cottin et al., 2011). Some reports indicate that dietary fat can influence oxidative DNA damage, nephrotoxicity, and steroidogenic enzyme activities after MeHg exposure (Grotto et al., 2011;Jin et al., 2008Jin et al., , 2009McVey et al., 2008). However, the human diet varies widely, and some reports have shown that foodstuffs other than seafood may also prevent MeHg toxicity and accumulation (Abdalla et al., 2010;Farina et al., 2005;Lee et al., 1999;Rowland et al., 1986;Sumathi et al., 2012). Therefore, daily fish consumption may alleviate relatively few health risks.In general, the Japanese drink a few cups of green tea every day, and often accompany sushi meals with green tea. Therefore, a close relationship exists between green tea and fish oil in the Japanese diet. Canuel et al. (2006) concluded that tea might accelerate the enterohepatic MeHg cycle and contribute to temporary MeHg bioamplification in the bloodstream. Green tea contains large quantities of polyphenols that have antioxidant effects and accelerate cadmium (Cd) excretion by forming chelates (Abib et al., 2011;Yu et al., 2007;Wang et al., 2012). Some studies indicate that green tea consumption reduces the risk of coronary heart disease (Bøhn et al., 2012;Chacko et al., 2010) and prevents agerelated neurodegeneration (Andrade and Assunção, 2012). Thus, these green tea polyphenol properties may be effective against MeHg toxicity.The aim of this study was to determine the interactive influence of fish oil and green tea on the effects o...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 49%