Effect of dietary fat modification on subcutaneous white adipose tissue insulin sensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome

Jiménez‐Gómez, Yolanda; Cruz‐Teno, Cristina; Rangel‐Zúñiga, Oriol A.; Peinado, Juan R.; Pérez‐Martínez, Pablo; Delgado-Lista, Javier; García‐Rios, Antonio; Camargo, Antonio; Vázquez-Martı́nez, Rafael; Ortega-Bellido, Maria; Pérez-Jiménez, Francisco; Roche, Helen M.; Malagón, Marı́a M.; López‐Miranda, José

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201300901

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Moreover, inclusion of dietary MUFAs and PUFAs has been reported to reduce the expression of lipogenic genes in skeletal muscle of insulin resistant subjects, concomitant with reduced fractional synthetic rates of intramuscular DAG and triacylglycerols . Notably, these beneficial responses may be linked to improvements in insulin sensitivity conveyed by dietary supplementation of omega‐3 PUFAs in humans …”

Section: Lipid Modulation Of Muscle Mass and Function: A Human Perspementioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid modulation of skeletal muscle mass and function

Lipina

Hundal

2016

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

170

156

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Loss of skeletal muscle mass is a characteristic feature of various pathologies including cancer, diabetes, and obesity, as well as being a general feature of ageing. However, the processes underlying its pathogenesis are not fully understood and may involve multiple factors. Importantly, there is growing evidence which supports a role for fatty acids and their derived lipid intermediates in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass and function. In this review, we discuss evidence pertaining to those pathways which are involved in the reduction, increase and/or preservation of skeletal muscle mass by such lipids under various pathological conditions, and highlight studies investigating how these processes may be influenced by dietary supplementation as well as genetic and/or pharmacological intervention.

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Section: Lipid Modulation Of Muscle Mass and Function: A Human Perspementioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid modulation of skeletal muscle mass and function

Lipina

Hundal

2016

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

170

156

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“…Cidea induction is closely related to fat accumulation in hepatic steatosis [29] and Cidea-null (−/−) mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance [30]. Anxa2 may be upregulated by oxidative stress [31] and has been proposed to be a marker of adipose tissue dysfunction and insulin resistance that can be targeted by dietary interventions [32]. In contrast to açai, supplementation with lingonberry, blackcurrant and bilberry resulted in mice with similar body weight and liver status to mice fed a LF diet [10].…”

Section: Trends In Gene Expression Correlate With Mouse Phenotypementioning

confidence: 99%

Berry intake changes hepatic gene expression and DNA methylation patterns associated with high-fat diet

Heyman-Lindén

Seki

Storm

et al. 2016

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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The liver is a critical organ for regulation of energy homeostasis and fatty liver disease is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance. We have previously found that lingonberries, blackcurrants and bilberries prevent, whereas açai berries exacerbate, the development of hepatic steatosis and obesity in the high-fat (HF)-fed C57BL/6J mouse model. In this follow-up study, we investigated the mechanisms behind these effects. Genome-wide hepatic gene expression profiling indicates that the protective effects of lingonberries and bilberries are accounted for by several-fold downregulation of genes involved in acute-phase and inflammatory pathways (e.g. Saa1, Cxcl1, Lcn2). In contrast, açai-fed mice exhibit marked upregulation of genes associated with steatosis (e.g. Cfd, Cidea, Crat) and lipid and cholesterol biosynthesis, which is in line with the exacerbation of HF-induced hepatic steatosis in these mice. In silico transcription factor analysis together with immunoblot analysis identified NF-κB, STAT3 and mTOR as upstream regulators involved in mediating the observed transcriptional effects. To gain further insight into mechanisms involved in the gene expression changes, the HELP-tagging assay was used to identify differentially methylated CpG sites. Compared to the HF control group, lingonberries induced genome-wide hypermethylation and specific hypermethylation of Ncor2, encoding the corepressor NCoR/SMRT implicated in the regulation of pathways of metabolic homeostasis and inflammation. We conclude that the beneficial metabolic effects of lingonberries and bilberries are associated with downregulation of inflammatory pathways, whereas for blackcurrants, exerting similar metabolic effects, different mechanisms of action appear to dominate. NF-κB, STAT3 and mTOR are potential targets of the health-promoting effects of berries.

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“…Lifestyle behaviors, including diet and physical activity, may be more effective in preventing the development of MetS than pharmacologic agents (7). Although diet is not identified as a risk factor for MetS, intervention studies have consistently shown inverse associations between whole grain, fruit, and vegetable intake, as well as Mediterranean-type diets (which are rich in MUFAs), and MetS risk (8,9), whereas high-fat diets and particularly those rich in SFAs may increase serum triglycerides, reduce HDL, and promote obesity, inflammation, IR, and MetS (10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Notwithstanding this evidence, it has also been demonstrated that very-low-carbohydrate, very-high-fat interventions designed to promote ketogenesis also improve the risk factors of T2DM (15,16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin resistance determines a differential response to changes in dietary fat modification on metabolic syndrome risk factors: the LIPGENE study

Yubero‐Serrano¹,

Delgado-Lista²,

Tierney³

et al. 2015

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background: Previous data support the benefits of reducing dietary saturated fatty acids (SFAs) on insulin resistance (IR) and other metabolic risk factors. However, whether the IR status of those suffering from metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects this response is not established. Objective: Our objective was to determine whether the degree of IR influences the effect of substituting high-saturated fatty acid (HSFA) diets by isoenergetic alterations in the quality and quantity of dietary fat on MetS risk factors. Design: In this single-blind, parallel, controlled, dietary intervention study, MetS subjects (n = 472) from 8 European countries classified by different IR levels according to homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were randomly assigned to 4 diets: an HSFA diet; a high-monounsaturated fatty acid (HMUFA) diet; a low-fat, high-complex carbohydrate (LFHCC) diet supplemented with long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (1.2 g/d); or an LFHCC diet supplemented with placebo for 12 wk (control). Anthropometric, lipid, inflammatory, and IR markers were determined. Results: Insulin-resistant MetS subjects with the highest HOMA-IR improved IR, with reduced insulin and HOMA-IR concentrations after consumption of the HMUFA and LFHCC n-3 diets (P , 0.05). In contrast, subjects with lower HOMA-IR showed reduced body mass index and waist circumference after consumption of the LFHCC control and LFHCC n-3 diets and increased HDL cholesterol concentrations after consumption of the HMUFA and HSFA diets (P , 0.05). MetS subjects with a low to medium HOMA-IR exhibited reduced blood pressure, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol levels after the LFHCC n-3 diet and increased apolipoprotein A-I concentrations after consumption of the HMUFA and HSFA diets (all P , 0.05). Conclusions: Insulin-resistant MetS subjects with more metabolic complications responded differently to dietary fat modification, being more susceptible to a health effect from the substitution of SFAs in the HMUFA and LFHCC n-3 diets. Conversely, MetS subjects without IR may be more sensitive to the detrimental effects of HSFA intake. The metabolic phenotype of subjects clearly determines response to the quantity and quality of dietary fat on MetS risk factors, which suggests that targeted and personalized dietary therapies may be of value for its different metabolic features. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00429195.Am J Clin Nutr 2015;102:1509-17.

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Effect of dietary fat modification on subcutaneous white adipose tissue insulin sensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome

Abstract: Our data suggest that the LFHCC n-3 diet reduces systemic insulin resistance and improves insulin signaling in subcutaneous WAT of MetS patients compared to HSFA and BSH diets consumption.

Cited by 25 publications

References 53 publications

Lipid modulation of skeletal muscle mass and function

Lipid modulation of skeletal muscle mass and function

Berry intake changes hepatic gene expression and DNA methylation patterns associated with high-fat diet

Insulin resistance determines a differential response to changes in dietary fat modification on metabolic syndrome risk factors: the LIPGENE study

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