Effect of dietary EPA and DHA on murine blood and liver fatty acid profile and liver oxylipin pattern depending on high and low dietary n6-PUFA

Kutzner, Laura; Esselun, Carsten; Franke, Nicole; Schoenfeld, Kirsten; Eckert, G.; Schebb, Nils Helge

doi:10.1039/d0fo01462a

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In general, total, as well as individual, n-6 PUFA-derived oxylipins were lower in the livers of animals provided a fish oil diet compared with other animals. Although there is no data available about the direct effect of fish oil on the liver oxylipins in healthy or diseased animals, nor in the livers of chemotherapy-treated animals, the reduction of n-6 PUFA-derived oxylipins in response to dietary EPA or DHA has been observed in the livers of healthy rats [ 25 , 85 ]. As is consistent with our findings, the effects of fish oil on a larger range of plasma n-6 oxylipins have been reported in humans [ 86 , 87 ], as well as the effects of EPA or DHA in animal models [ 25 , 84 ] or in in vitro models [ 88 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary EPA+DHA Mitigate Hepatic Toxicity and Modify the Oxylipin Profile in an Animal Model of Colorectal Cancer Treated with Chemotherapy

Monirujjaman

Bathe

Mazurak

2022

Cancers

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Irinotecan (CPT-11) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are commonly used to treat metastatic colorectal cancer, but chemotherapy-associated steatosis/steatohepatitis (CASSH) frequently accompanies their use. The objective of this study was to determine effect of CPT-11+5-FU on liver toxicity, liver oxylipins, and cytokines, and to explore whether these alterations could be modified by dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the form of fish oil (EPA+DHA). Tumor-bearing animals were administered CPT-11+5-FU and maintained on a control diet or a diet containing EPA+DHA (2.3 g/100 g). Livers were collected one week after chemotherapy for the analysis of oxylipins, cytokines, and markers of liver pathology (oxidized glutathione, GSSH; 4-hydroxynonenal, 4-HNE, and type-I collagen fiber). Dietary EPA+DHA prevented the chemotherapy-induced increases in liver GSSH (p < 0.011) and 4-HNE (p < 0.006). Compared with the tumor-bearing animals, ten oxylipins were altered (three/ten n-6 oxylipins were elevated while seven/ten n-3 oxylipins were reduced) following chemotherapy. Reductions in the n-3 fatty-acid-derived oxylipins that were evident following chemotherapy were restored by dietary EPA+DHA. Liver TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 were elevated (p < 0.05) following chemotherapy; dietary EPA+DHA reduced IL-6 (p = 0.09) and eotaxin (p = 0.007) levels. Chemotherapy-induced liver injury results in distinct alterations in oxylipins and cytokines, and dietary EPA+DHA attenuates these pathophysiological effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary EPA+DHA Mitigate Hepatic Toxicity and Modify the Oxylipin Profile in an Animal Model of Colorectal Cancer Treated with Chemotherapy

Monirujjaman

Bathe

Mazurak

2022

Cancers

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“…Additionally, EFAs and other PUFAs compete as substrates for the same oxidative enzymes leaving the question of substrate specificity to be determined. There are only few studies on oxylipin patterns in mouse serum and blood indicating distinct substrate preferences and substrate competitions after EFA and PUFA specific diets ( 28 , 29 ). Consequently, there is evidence that EFA and PUFA availability can influence the synthesis of immunomodulatory lipid products such as oxylipins and, therefore, might influence immune function; however, the mechanisms behind those processes in humans are still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxylipin secretion by human CD3+ T lymphocytes in vitro is modified by the exogenous essential fatty acid ratio and life stage

et al. 2023

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Immune function changes across the life stages; for example, senior adults exhibit a tendency towards a weaker cell-mediated immune response and a stronger inflammatory response than younger adults. This might be partly mediated by changes in oxylipin synthesis across the life course. Oxylipins are oxidation products of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that modulate immune function and inflammation. A number of PUFAs are precursors to oxylipins, including the essential fatty acids (EFAs) linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA). LA and ALA are also substrates for synthesis of longer chain PUFAs. Studies with stable isotopes have shown that the relative amounts of LA and ALA can influence their partitioning by T lymphocytes between conversion to longer chain PUFAs and to oxylipins. It is not known whether the relative availability of EFA substrates influences the overall pattern of oxylipin secretion by human T cells or if this changes across the life stages. To address this, the oxylipin profile was determined in supernatants from resting and mitogen activated human CD3+ T cell cultures incubated in medium containing an EFA ratio of either 5:1 or 8:1 (LA : ALA). Furthermore, oxylipin profiles in supernatants of T cells from three life stages, namely fetal (derived from umbilical cord blood), adults and seniors, treated with the 5:1 EFA ratio were determined. The extracellular oxylipin profiles were affected more by the EFA ratio than mitogen stimulation such that n-3 PUFA-derived oxylipin concentrations were higher with the 5:1 EFA ratio than the 8:1 ratio, possibly due to PUFA precursor competition for lipoxygenases. 47 oxylipin species were measured in all cell culture supernatants. Extracellular oxylipin concentrations were generally higher for fetal T cells than for T cells from adult and senior donors, although the composition of oxylipins was similar across the life stages. The contribution of oxylipins towards an immunological phenotype might be due to the capacity of T cells to synthesize oxylipins rather than the nature of the oxylipins produced.

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“…DHA, especially, plays a vital role in maintaining normal brain development and function [11]. In modern dietary structures, the intake of n-3 PUFAs by humans is limited [12]. The traditional way of obtaining n-3 PUFAs is mainly through the consumption of fish oil; however, it is limited because of its low yield and high price [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Dietary Replacement of Soybean Oil with Rubber Seed Oil on the Growth Performance, Carcass Trait, and Status of Lipid Metabolism in Pekin Ducks

Zhao,

Guo,

Zhuang

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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The objective of this study is to determine the effects of the dietary replacement of soybean oil (SO) with rubber seed oil (RSO) on the growth performance, carcass trait, and lipid metabolism in Pekin ducks. A total of 160 1-day-old Pekin ducks were randomly allocated to four experimental treatments and fed diets with different ratios of SO to RSO as follows: 3:0 (control), 2:1, 1:2, and 0:3. Dietary RSO supplementation had no effect on their growth performance; however, it significantly decreased the yield of abdominal fat (p < 0.05). As the dietary RSO increased, the plasma TG, CHO, LDL-C, and HDL-C contents of ducks decreased (p < 0.05). Additionally, the contents of total fat, triglycerides, and cholesterol in the liver and breast reduced in the ducks fed RSO diets (p < 0.05). Liver n-3 PUFA levels linearly increased (p < 0.05), while the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios reduced with increasing RSO levels (p < 0.05). Moreover, dietary RSO supplementation resulted in decreased gene expressions of FABP1, ME1, SREBP1c, FASN, DGAT2, and HMGCR (p < 0.05), while there was an increased expression of the ABCA1 gene (p < 0.05) in the liver of the ducks. In conclusion, dietary RSO supplementation reduced fat deposition and enhanced n-3 PUFA levels without affecting the growth performance of Pekin ducks.

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Effect of dietary EPA and DHA on murine blood and liver fatty acid profile and liver oxylipin pattern depending on high and low dietary n6-PUFA

Abstract: The intake of long-chain n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which are associated with beneficial health effects, is low in the Western diet, while the portion of dietary n6-PUFA and hence the...

Cited by 8 publications

References 65 publications

Dietary EPA+DHA Mitigate Hepatic Toxicity and Modify the Oxylipin Profile in an Animal Model of Colorectal Cancer Treated with Chemotherapy

Dietary EPA+DHA Mitigate Hepatic Toxicity and Modify the Oxylipin Profile in an Animal Model of Colorectal Cancer Treated with Chemotherapy

Oxylipin secretion by human CD3+ T lymphocytes in vitro is modified by the exogenous essential fatty acid ratio and life stage

Effects of the Dietary Replacement of Soybean Oil with Rubber Seed Oil on the Growth Performance, Carcass Trait, and Status of Lipid Metabolism in Pekin Ducks

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