Effect of Diet Supplemented with Natural Humic Compounds and Sodium Humate on Performance and Selected Metabolic Variables in Broiler Chickens

Abstract

The effect of humic substances from different sources on the performance and selected biochemical indicators was studied in 150 one-day-old broiler chickens (Ross 308) divided into control (C) and two tested groups (n = 50). Chickens of tested groups were fed diets supplemented with natural humic compounds (group HS) and sodium humate (group HNa) at amounts of 5 g·kg -1 of feeds in phase 1 and 7 g·kg -1 of feeds in phases 2 and 3 of the fattening period. Higher final body weights (not significant) were observed in both tested groups (2527.6 g for HS; 2481.5 g for HNa) than in the control group (2476.6 g). The feed conversion ratio throughout the whole experiment was lower in the HS group (P < 0.001) and higher in the HNa group (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. The European Efficiency Index reached at the end of the experiment was the highest in the HS group (P < 0.001) and the lowest in the HNa group compared to the control group. Differences in total protein, albumin, total lipids, triglycerides and phosphorus among the tested groups were not significant. Higher values of Ca (P < 0.05) in the HS group and lower cholesterol (P < 0.05) in the HNa group were observed after 14 days; lower AST (P < 0.05) in the HS group and lower calcium (P < 0.05) and higher glucose (P < 0.01) in the HNa group were observed after 35 days of the experiment in comparison with the control group.

Effects of sodium humate and zinc oxide used in prophylaxis of post-weaning diarrhoea on the health, oxidative stress status and fatty acid profile in weaned piglets

“…Serum mineral levels (Ca, P, Mg and Fe) were not affected by ZnO + HNa treatments. HS appear to have metal-chelating effects and were reported to reduce levels of serum minerals in broilers (Rath et al 2006;Celik et al 2008;Samudovska and Demeterova 2010) and rabbits (Mista et al 2012), although this effect was not observed with HNa in weaned piglets (Trckova et al 2015). Significantly higher Zn levels in the serum of the ZnO 2.5 group reflected the higher Zn dietary intake in the group.…”

“…This is in accordance with Zhang et al (2014), who reported a dosedependent increase in TGC with supplementation of dietary Zn. On the other hand, HS were 191.5 ± 0.03 286.8 ± 0.03 249.5 ± 0.04 271.9 ± 0.04 ** ** ** ** ns ns ns Feed intake (g/pig/day) 453.5 ± 287.5 500.9 ± 327.5 495.8 ± 324.6 492.4 ± 304.8 ns described to decrease serum TGC and cholesterol in animals (Samudovska and Demeterova 2010;Mista et al 2012;Ozturk et al 2012). In our study, partial substitution of ZnO by HNa in feed resulted in significantly lower serum TGC in comparison with ZnO 2.5, but this was not observed when HNa was supplemented in water.…”

Prophylaxis of post-weaning diarrhoea in piglets by zinc oxide and sodium humate

“…HS were reported to reduce serum minerals (P, Ca, Mg and Fe) in broilers (Rath et al 2006;Celik et al 2008;Demeterova et al 2009;Samudovska and Demeterova 2010), and rabbits (Mista et al 2012). A potential metal-chelating effect might be exerted by many reactive functional groups located in the structures of HS (Rath et al 2006).…”

“…HS were described to decrease serum triacylglycerols and cholesterol levels in animals (Herzig et al, 2009;Samudovska and Demeterova 2010;Mista et al 2012;Ozturk et al 2012). After three weeks of HNa dietary treatment we observed only slightly (non-sig- 1 C = control with no supplementation; ZnO2.5 = supplemented with high prophylactic dose of ZnO (2.5 g/kg diet); HNa + ZnO1.7, HNa + ZnO1.5, HNa + ZnO1.0 = supplemented with HNa (20.0 g/kg diet) and 1.7, 1.5 and 1.0 g ZnO/kg diet, respectively The individual pig served as the experimental unit.…”

Effect of water acidification on some morphological, digestive and production traits in broiler chickens

“…However, this continuous use of antibiotics resulted in development of drug-resistant bacteria, drug residues in the body of animals, and imbalance of normal microflora. Different natural substances, such as probiotics, prebiotics (Wang et al, 2016), phytobiotics (Abd El-Hakim et al, 2009;Hassan et al, 2015), enzymes (Ao et al, 2009;Benţea et al, 2010), humic substances (Šamudovská & Demeterová, 2010), and acidifiers (Byrd et al, 2001;Eftekhari et al, 2015), can be used as feed additives and may improve health of animals, reduce microbial pathogens (e.g. Escherichia coli, Salmonella or Campylobacter) without the use of antibiotics, and enhance nutrition digestibility for better performance and to decrease the accumulation of ammonia in premises.…”