Effect of Diet on Haflinger Horses With GYS1 Mutation (Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy Type 1)

Schröder, Ulrike; Licka, Theresia; Zsoldos, Rebeka R.; Hahn, Caroline; MacIntyre, Neil R.; Schwendenwein, Ilse; Schwarz, Bettina; Hoven, R. van den

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2015.03.197

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Haflinger mares heterozygous positive (polysaccharide storage myopathy type 1, n = 7) and negative (control, n = 7) for glycogen synthase (GYS1) mutation were included. As a part of the preceding study using the same data collections [ 16 ], the effect of diet was investigated; horses received 6 weeks of carbohydrate rich diet followed by hay only or vice versa, with a wash out period of two weeks between diets. The results of that study have been published [ 16 ], and no effect of diet or GYS1 was found; therefore, this factor is not further investigated in the present study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long term consistency and location specificity of equine gluteus medius muscle activity during locomotion on the treadmill

Zsoldos

Voegele

Krueger³

et al. 2018

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundThe equine m. gluteus medius (GM) is the largest muscle of the horse, its main movement function is the extension of the hip joint. The objective of the present study was to measure equine GM activity in three adjacent locations on GM during walk and trot on a treadmill, in order to document potential differences. Fourteen Haflinger mares were measured using surface electromyography and kinematic markers to identify the motion cycles on three occasions over 16 weeks. The electrodes were placed on left and right gluteus medius muscle over the middle of its widest part and 5 cm lateral and medial of it. For data processing, electrical activity was normalised to its maximum value and timing was normalised to the motion cycle. A Gaussian distribution approach was used to determine up to 10 modes of focussed activity, and results were analysed separately for stance and swing phase of the ipsilateral hindlimb.ResultsFair reliability was found for mean mode values (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.66) and good reliability was found for mean mode locations (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.71) over the three data collection days. The magnitude of muscle activity identified as mean mode value was much larger at trot than at walk, and mean mode value was significantly different between stance phases of walk and trot for all electrode positions (p < 0.01). The pattern of muscle activity identified as mean mode location was significantly different for walk and trot at all electrode positions, both during stance and swing phases (p < 0.001). This indicates the different timing pattern between the gaits. Results of the three electrode positions on the same muscle during each gait were not significantly different when comparing the same measurement.ConclusionsThe middle of the equine GM does not show any indication of functional differentiation during walk and trot on a treadmill; this might be due to lack of segmentation as such, or due to lack of need for segmented use for these very basic main tasks of the muscle. The reliability of the sEMG measurements over several weeks was fair to good, an indication for the robustness of the methodology.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long term consistency and location specificity of equine gluteus medius muscle activity during locomotion on the treadmill

Zsoldos

Voegele

Krueger³

et al. 2018

BMC Vet Res

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“…clinical symptoms such as training intolerance and/or exertional rhabdomyolysis throughout the 15-year testing period (supervision commission ARGE Noriker, personal communication, 2015). The absence of clinical signs (weakness, training intolerance, muscle atrophy, rhabdomyolysis) was also mentioned by studies performing and evaluating submaximal exercise tests in draft horses (Naylor et al, 2012) and draft-horse-related breeds (Schwarz et al, 2011;Schröder et al, 2015). Naylor et al (2012), who studied 125 Belgian and Percheron horses, argued that the low level of work demanded in their study was the reason for the absence of clinical signs in 54 GSY1-mutation-carrying animals.…”

Section: Disciplinesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Schwarz et al (2011), who conducted a submaximal exercise test in 50 Haflinger horses consisting of 5 min of walk, followed by 20 min trotting on the lunge, also did not detect clinical signs in nine R / H animals, which the authors attributed to the horses' management. Schröder et al (2015) conducted a submaximal treadmill exercise test (2 min of walk, 13 min of trot) in seven R / R and seven R / H Haflinger horses. In this study no horse showed PSSMrelated clinical signs.…”

Section: Disciplinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, the incidence of clinical signs in horses carrying the GYS1 mutation has not been studied at a population level; furthermore, it is not known if this gene mutation affects the general performance ability in draft horses. Submaximal exercise tests in draft horses and draft-horse-related breeds were conducted by Schwarz et al (2011), Naylor et al (2012), and Schröder et al (2015). Amongst other things, the authors studied parameters the glucose metabolism in blood, resting, and post-exercise muscle enzyme activity in relation to the GYS1 mutation genotypes of the probands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the glycogen synthase 1 (<i>GYS1)</i> mutation on performance traits in 169 Noriker draft horse stallions – a retrospective study

Druml

Grilz-Seger²,

Brem

2016

Arch. Anim. Breed.

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Abstract. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1) mutation on performance traits in Noriker draft horse stallions. Individual scores of 32 performance traits and the final performance score were obtained from 169 stallions that took part in the standardized stationary 30-day performance test throughout the years 2002 to 2014. In 2014 the stallions have been genotyped for the GYS1 mutation resulting in 105 non-mutation-carriers, 57 heterozygous, and 7 homozygous animals. The mean frequency of animals carrying the mutation was 38 % (64 of 169). The final performance score and 32 single performance traits were analyzed using a linear model including the GYS1 mutation genotype, the testing year and age as fixed effects. For the final performance score no effect of the GYS1 mutation was found. In three single traits – driving ability, drafting manner, and kindness in the discipline heavy-load lodging – significantly lower scores for heterozygous horses than for non-carrier animals were obtained. Homozygous animals did not differ significantly from both groups. Our results from this retrospective study suggest no effect of the GYS1 mutation on performance traits and on the final performance score.

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“…More work is required to confirm whether such measures are optimal for those with type 2 PSSM and other breeds. Recent work, for example, apparently showed that for a small group of Haflingers (heterozygous positive for the GYS1 mutation but with no known history or clinical signs of any muscle problem) receiving free paddock as well as regular structured exercise, feeding a cereal based feed (providing~30% of daily DE) and hay for 6 weeks did not induce clinical signs (even after a standardised exercise test) or increase complex periodic acid Schiff-positive amylaseresistant inclusions (Schr€ oder et al 2015).…”

Section: Nutritional Management: All Affected Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional considerations for equine rhabdomyolysis syndrome

Harris¹,

Rivero

2015

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary Exertional rhabdomyolysis represents a syndrome of typically recurrent exercise‐associated muscle damage in horses that arises from a variety of aetiologies. Major advances have been made in recent years in our understanding of the pathophysiology of equine rhabdomyolysis syndrome (ERS), and a few specific causative genetic defects have been identified. Despite the fact that there is no single procedure or set of procedures (including diet and management) that can guarantee against further episodes of ERS, appropriate management of susceptible individuals, including nutrition, may help to reduce the likelihood, severity or frequency of future episodes. Whilst the dietary advice can be more specific and targeted for those with a known intrinsic muscle problem, for all affected individuals, regardless of the underlying cause, a balanced diet (which is suitable for the individual), together with a well‐designed exercise programme, should be the initial management target. This paper will briefly review the condition and give general nutrition and management advice.

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Effect of Diet on Haflinger Horses With GYS1 Mutation (Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy Type 1)

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Long term consistency and location specificity of equine gluteus medius muscle activity during locomotion on the treadmill

Long term consistency and location specificity of equine gluteus medius muscle activity during locomotion on the treadmill

Effect of the glycogen synthase 1 (<i>GYS1)</i> mutation on performance traits in 169 Noriker draft horse stallions – a retrospective study

Nutritional considerations for equine rhabdomyolysis syndrome

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Effect of Diet on Haflinger Horses With GYS1 Mutation (Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy Type 1)

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Long term consistency and location specificity of equine gluteus medius muscle activity during locomotion on the treadmill

Long term consistency and location specificity of equine gluteus medius muscle activity during locomotion on the treadmill

Effect of the glycogen synthase 1 (&lt;i&gt;GYS1)&lt;/i&gt; mutation on performance traits in 169 Noriker draft horse stallions – a retrospective study

Nutritional considerations for equine rhabdomyolysis syndrome

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Product

Resources

About

Effect of the glycogen synthase 1 (<i>GYS1)</i> mutation on performance traits in 169 Noriker draft horse stallions – a retrospective study