Effect of diet manipulation in dairy cow N balance and nitrogen oxides emissions from grasslands in northern Spain

Arriaga, H.; Salcedo, G.; Calsamiglia, S.; Merino, P.

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2009.09.007

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Urine patch emissions were parametrized with an exponential decay and maximum initial emissions of about 600 µg N 2 O-N m −2 h −1 that is close to the maximum averaged emissions measured by Barneze et al (2015) from manually applied urine in laboratory conditions and on a grassland. A strong emission response to urine application was generally reported in the literature, however, with a large range of different emission dynamics and magnitudes (e.g., two emission peaks due to nitrification and denitrification, emission peak after a few days with near exponential decay afterwards, significant emissions after weeks to a month; Bell et al, 2015;Cardenas et al, 2016;Chadwick et al, 2018).…”

Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 90%

Grazing-related nitrous oxide emissions: from patch scale to field scale

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Grazed pastures are strong sources of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). The quantification of N2O emissions is challenging due to the strong spatial and temporal variabilities of the emission sources and so N2O emission estimates are very uncertain. This study presents N2O emission measurements from two grazing systems in western Switzerland over the grazing season of 2016. The 12 dairy cows of each herd were kept in an intensive rotational grazing management. The diet for the two herds of cows consisted of different protein-to-energy ratios (system G: grass only diet; system M: grass with additional maize silage) resulting in different nitrogen (N) excretion rates. The N in the excretion was estimated by calculating the animal nitrogen budget taking into account the measurements of feed intake, milk yield, and body weight of the cow herds. Directly after the rotational grazing phases, background and urine patches were identified based on soil electric conductivity measurements while fresh dung patches were identified visually. The magnitude and temporal pattern of these different emission sources were measured with a fast-box (FB) chamber and the field-scale fluxes were quantified using two eddy covariance (EC) systems. The FB measurements were finally upscaled to the field level and compared to the EC measurements for quality control by using EC footprint estimates of a backward Lagrangian stochastic dispersion model. The comparison between the two grazing systems was performed during emission periods that were not influenced by fertilizer applications. This allowed the calculation of the excreta-related N2O emissions per cow and grazing hour and resulted in considerably higher emissions for system G compared to system M. Relating the found emissions to the excreta N resulted in excreta-related emission factors (EFs) of 0.74±0.26 % for system M and 0.83±0.29 % for system G. These EF values were thus significantly smaller compared to the default EF of 2 % provided by the IPCC guidelines for cattle excreta deposited on pasture. The measurements showed that urine patch emission dominated the field-scale fluxes (57 %), followed by significant background emissions (38 %), and only a small contribution of dung patch emission (5 %). The resulting source-specific EFs exhibited a clear difference between urine (1.12±0.43 %) and dung (0.16±0.06 %), supporting a disaggregation of the grazing-related EFs by excreta type in emission inventories. The study also highlights the advantage of a N-optimized diet, which resulted in reduced N2O emissions from animal excreta.

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Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 90%

Grazing-related nitrous oxide emissions: from patch scale to field scale

et al. 2019

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“…Külling et al (2001) reported decreased N 2 O emissions from storage manure of dairy cows fed lowprotein diets, but the total GHG emissions were not affected as there was an increased CH 4 emission from the low protein manure. Velthof et al (2005) observed large decrease in the NH 3 and CH 4 emissions during manure storage and N 2 O emission from soilby by decreasing the protein content of swine diets whereas reverse effect on N 2 O emissions was reported in swine (Philippe et al, 2006) and dairy cattle (Arriaga et al, 2010) on lowering the dietary protein. Shifting N losses from urine to faeces is expected to reduce N 2 O emissions from manure applied soil due to the lower concentration of NH 4 + in manure.…”

Section: Species and Individual Variationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Methane and nitrous oxide emission from livestock manure

Prusty¹,

Sontakke²,

Kundu³

2014

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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“…Optimizing the animal diet to improve N use efficiency and reduce excreted N is effective to reduce manure NH 3 and indirect N 2 O emissions, although the effects on direct N 2 O emissions were not consistent in the literature. [95][96][97] The choice of manure management systems has a significant effect on GHG emissions. Greenhouse gas emissions from anaerobic liquid manure systems (lagoons, tanks) are larger than from dry manure systems (stacks, piles).…”

Section: Mitigating Emissions From Manurementioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from animal production

Liu

2018

Greenhouse Gases

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The accurate quantification of the carbon footprints of animal products and the related development of greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation strategies are of interest to consumers, the general public, and the academic community. The objective of this review was to summarize recent advances in GHG emission quantification, life‐cycle assessment applications, and mitigation technologies for animal production in the USA, to assist the development of system‐based solutions for mitigation of GHG emissions from animal production. The GHG emissions from animal production mainly come from feed production, enteric fermentation, and manure management. Opportunities to mitigate emissions from feed production largely rely on continuous improvements in animal and feed production efficiency. This is in general agreement with the economic interest of the industry. To mitigate emissions from manure, many technologies can be chosen, depending on the given economic and regulatory environments. It is possible to minimize GHG emissions from manure through manure energy recovery when this is economically feasible. For enteric emissions, there are limited opportunities to reduce GHG emissions through dietary manipulation, feed management, or feed supplementations. Improving environmental stewardship of consumers and reducing food waste will reduce animal protein demand and are important bottom‐line strategies to mitigate GHG from animal production systems. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Effect of diet manipulation in dairy cow N balance and nitrogen oxides emissions from grasslands in northern Spain

Cited by 32 publications

References 57 publications

Grazing-related nitrous oxide emissions: from patch scale to field scale

Grazing-related nitrous oxide emissions: from patch scale to field scale

Methane and nitrous oxide emission from livestock manure

Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from animal production

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