Effect of Diclazuril on the Bursa of Fabricius Morphology and SIgA Expression in Chickens Infected with &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Eimeria tenella&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;

Kim

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

The objectives of this study were to recover bacteriophages (BPs) from the intestinal digesta of BP-fed broilers and to evaluate the antibacterial effects of encapsulated or powdered BPs in broiler chickens challenged with Clostridium perfringens. Day-old broiler chicks (n = 320/experiment) were randomly assigned to 32 pens (n = 10 broilers/pen) and allocated to one of four dietary groups: (1) unchallenged group (NEG); (2) C. perfringens-challenged group (POS); (3) POS group fed a diet supplemented with powdered BPs; and (4) POS group fed a diet supplemented with encapsulated BPs. On days 21, 22, and 23 post-hatch, all chickens except NEG were orally inoculated twice a day with 2 mL C. perfringens (1.0 × 108 cfu/mL). Varying BP levels were detected in gut digesta at all ages and were numerically or significantly higher in the encapsulated BP group than in the powdered BP group. Dietary powder or encapsulated BPs reversed the C. perfringens-mediated increase in crypt depth. In addition, villus height to crypt depth ratio was elevated in the NEG and BP-treated/challenged groups compared with that in the POS group. C. perfringens counts in the cecum were significantly lower in the BP-fed chickens than in the POS group. The encapsulated BP-supplemented diet-fed chickens had the highest serum IgA levels. Collectively, our results suggest that dietary BP remains viable in intestinal digesta upon ingestion and can inhibit cecal C. perfringens counts.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Recovery of Bacteriophages and Their Effects on Clostridium perfringens-Infected Broiler Chickens

Kim

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

“…Diclazuril, a classic anticoccidial drug, signi cantly induces merozoites apoptosis and effectively decreases the number of merozoites and alleviates the damage in the cecum induced by E. tenella [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Here, we reported the changes in EtCRK2 in response to diclazuril treatment against E. tenella infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Diclazuril-Induced Expression of CDK-Related Kinase 2 in the Second-Generation Merozoites of Eimeria Tenella

Zhou

Ding

Yang

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

Background：Coccidiosis caused by Eimeria tenella infection, directly or indirectly leads to great loss to poultry industry. With the emergence of drug-resistance in chicken coccidia, it is imperative to develop new drugs. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) regulate cell cycle progression in numerous organisms by acting as key molecular switches. Results: In the present study, a diclazuril anticoccidiosis animal model was established and CDK-related kinase 2 (CRK2) in the second-generation merozoite of E. tenella (EtCRK2) gene was amplified through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3). Purified recombinant protein was used for antiserum preparation. Subsequently, EtCRK2 transcription and translation levels were detected through quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. The localization of EtCRK2 in merozoites was examined via immunofluorescence techniques. Results showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of EtCRK2 decreased in the infected/diclazuril group compared with those in the infected/control group. In addition, immunofluorescence analysis showed that EtCRK2 was localized in the cytoplasm of merozoites. The fluorescence intensity of EtCRK2 in the infected/diclazuril group was significantly weaker than that in the infected/control group. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the anticoccidial drug diclazuril against E. tenella by affecting the expression pattern of EtCRK2 molecule, and EtCRK2 may be used as a candidate target for new drug development.

“…It is expressed during the asexual and sexual states of E. tenella development [5,18]. Diclazuril, a classic anticoccidial drug, signi cantly induces merozoites apoptosis and effectively decreases the number of merozoites and alleviates the damage in the cecum induced by E. tenella [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Here, we reported the changes in EtCRK2 in response to diclazuril treatment against E. tenella infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Diclazuril-induced expression of CDK-related kinase 2 in the second-generation merozoites of Eimeria tenella

Zhou

Ding

Yang

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

Background: Diclazuril is a classic anticoccidial drug. The key molecules of diclazuril in anticoccidial action allows target screening for the development of anticoccidial drugs. In the present study, a diclazuril anticoccidiosis animal model was established, and the transcription and translation levels of the CDK-related kinase 2 of Eimeria tenella (EtCRK2) were detected through quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. The localisation of EtCRK2 in merozoites was examined with immunofluorescence techniques.Results: The mRNA and protein expression levels of EtCRK2 decreased in the infected/diclazuril group compared with those in the infected/control group. In addition, immunofluorescence analysis showed that EtCRK2 was localised in the cytoplasm of the merozoites. The fluorescence intensity of EtCRK2 in the infected/diclazuril group was significantly weaker than that in the infected/control group.Conclusions: The anticoccidial drug diclazuril against E.tenella affects the expression pattern of EtCRK2 molecule, and EtCRK2 is a potential target for new drug development.