Effect of DHA supplementation on oxylipin levels in plasma and immune cell stimulated blood

Ostermann, Annika I.; Stork, Lisa; Fritzsch, Sabrina; Kohrs, Heike; Greupner, Theresa; Hahn, Andreas; Schebb, Nils Helge

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2017.06.007

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…EPA and DHA) and their oxylipins was demonstrated in different intervention studies. [75][76][77][78][79] Accordingly, in the present study, the changes of the oxylipin levels in the plasma are generally reflected by the changes of the respective precursor fatty acids in the RBCs. As expected, the levels of ALA-derived oxylipins increased in response to the higher dietary intake of ALA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…The slower and less pronounced rise of ALA-derived oxylipins compared to their precursor fatty acid was not observed for DHA-derived oxylipins compared to the blood cell concentrations of DHA in a similar study. 78,79 A possible explanation is the lower baseline concentration of ALA compared to DHA, which might have led to a more rapid increase and the higher supplemented dose. 77 With regard to oxylipin formation, ALA is mostly discussed as a precursor of LC n3 PUFA; 80 therefore, the biological role of ALA-derived oxylipins is only poorly understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a 12-week high-α-linolenic acid intervention on EPA and DHA concentrations in red blood cells and plasma oxylipin pattern in subjects with a low EPA and DHA status

et al. 2018

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The essential omega-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n3) can be converted into EPA and DHA. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a high-ALA diet on EPA and DHA levels in red blood cells (RBCs) and their oxylipins in the plasma of subjects with a low EPA and DHA status. Fatty acid concentrations [μg mL] and relative amounts [% of total fatty acids] in the RBCs of 19 healthy men (mean age 26.4 ± 4.6 years) were analyzed by means of GC-FID. Free plasma oxylipin concentrations were determined by LC-MS based targeted metabolomics. Samples were collected and analyzed at baseline (week 0) and after 1 (week 1), 3 (week 3), 6 (week 6), and 12 (week 12) weeks of high dietary ALA intake (14.0 ± 0.45 g day). ALA concentrations significantly (p < 0.001) increased from 1.44 ± 0.10 (week 0) to 4.65 ± 0.22 (week 1), 5.47 ± 0.23 (week 3), 6.25 ± 0.24 (week 6), and 5.80 ± 0.28 (week 12) μg mL. EPA concentrations increased from 6.13 ± 0.51 (week 0) to 7.33 ± 0.33 (week 1), 8.38 ± 0.42 (p = 0.021, week 3), 10.9 ± 0.67 (p < 0.001, week 6), and 11.0 ± 0.64 (p < 0.001, week 12) μg mL. DHA concentrations unexpectedly decreased from 41.0 ± 1.93 (week 0) to 37.0 ± 1.32 (week 1), 36.1 ± 1.37 (week 3), 35.1 ± 1.06 (p = 0.010, week 6), and 30.4 ± 1.09 (p < 0.001, week 12) μg mL. Relative ΣEPA + DHA amounts were unchanged during the intervention (week 0: 4.63 ± 0.19, week 1: 4.67 ± 0.16, week 3: 4.61 ± 0.13, week 6: 4.73 ± 0.15, week 12: 4.52 ± 0.11). ALA- and EPA-derived hydroxy- and dihydroxy-PUFA increased similarly to their PUFA precursors, although in the case of ALA-derived oxylipins, the concentrations increased less rapidly and to a lesser extent compared to the concentrations of their precursor FA. LA-derived oxylipins remained unchanged and arachidonic acid and DHA oxylipin concentrations were not significantly changed. Our results confirm that the intake of ALA is not a sufficient source for the increase of EPA + DHA in subjects on a Western diet. Specifically, a high-ALA diet results in increased EPA and declined DHA concentrations. However, the changes effectively balance each other out so that ΣEPA + DHA in RBCs - which is an established marker for health protective effects of omega-3-PUFA - remains constant. The PUFA levels in RBCs reflect the concentration and its changes in plasma hydroxy- and dihydroxy-PUFA concentrations for ALA and EPA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a 12-week high-α-linolenic acid intervention on EPA and DHA concentrations in red blood cells and plasma oxylipin pattern in subjects with a low EPA and DHA status

et al. 2018

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“…In most studies investigating the biology of oxylipins, fasting blood is used and is usually collected in the morning following overnight fasting. 24,26,27,32 Therefore, another crucial parameter for the interpretation of biological effects is the inter-day variability (i.e. from one morning to the next) in the oxylipin prole of a healthy individual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 In most studies analyzing oxylipin concentrations, blood from the fasting state is used for analysis. 24,26,27,31 However, only little is known about the modulation of free oxylipin concentrations in plasma following food ingestion or whether the oxylipin prole underlies circadian variations 30,32 and which background variations (inter-day variation of the oxylipin prole in fasting plasma) may have to be expected. Therefore, this study aims to (i) investigate the inter-day variation in the oxylipin prole in samples collected 48 hours apart (with and without standardized nutrition) and (ii) to investigate the intraday variation of free oxylipins in plasma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-individual variance of the human plasma oxylipin pattern: low inter-day variability in fasting blood samples versus high variability during the day

et al. 2018

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“…Due to n-3 and n-6 PUFA competing for similar enzymes needed to produce docosanoids and eicosanoids (Gabbs et al 2015), shifting ratios of n-3:n-6 consumption can alter the production of either pro or antiinflammatory oxylipins (Broughton and Wade 2002). Schuchardt et al (2017) found 12-weeks of DHA supplementation can shift oxylipin profiles by increasing DHA and EPA-derived oxylipins and causing a decrease of AA-derived oxylipins. Increasing DHA-derived oxylipins promotes neuroprotective effects in rats following brain injury (Bisicchia et al 2018).…”

Section: ) and Hippocampus-related Cognitive Functions Such As Mementioning

confidence: 93%

Sports-related concussions and subconcussive impacts in athletes: incidence, diagnosis, and the emerging role of EPA and DHA

Lust

Mountjoy

Robinson

et al. 2020

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Sports-related concussions (SRC) are a traumatic brain injury induced as the result of a biomechanical force to the body which temporarily impairs neurological functions. Not all traumatic impacts reach the threshold necessary to produce concussive symptoms, however, the culmination of these events are known as sub-concussive impact(s) (SCI). Athletes who have been diagnosed with a SRC, or those who accumulate multiple SCI have exhibited structural damage to the brain, impairments to learning and memory, and an increase in depressive symptoms. This area is rapidly evolving and current clinical definitions of injury, diagnosis and treatment of SRC and SCI are reviewed. In tandem, there is also growing research examining the role of nutrition in brain injuries focused primarily on n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).The potential role of which eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) reduce inflammation and promote recovery following brain injury are also reviewed. Overall, advancements in the evaluation of SRC and SCI coupled with n-3 PUFA supplementation shows promise in the management of brain injuries leading to better long-term health outcomes for athletes. Bullet Points: SRC have garnered widespread attention due to the growing body of reported prevalence in youth and professional sports. Current definitions and protocol(s) for diagnosing SRC and SCI have improved, but still require further evaluation. n-3, EPA and DHA, reduce inflammation and promote recovery following brain injuries in experimental models.

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Effect of DHA supplementation on oxylipin levels in plasma and immune cell stimulated blood

Cited by 29 publications

References 49 publications

Effects of a 12-week high-α-linolenic acid intervention on EPA and DHA concentrations in red blood cells and plasma oxylipin pattern in subjects with a low EPA and DHA status

Effects of a 12-week high-α-linolenic acid intervention on EPA and DHA concentrations in red blood cells and plasma oxylipin pattern in subjects with a low EPA and DHA status

Intra-individual variance of the human plasma oxylipin pattern: low inter-day variability in fasting blood samples versus high variability during the day

Sports-related concussions and subconcussive impacts in athletes: incidence, diagnosis, and the emerging role of EPA and DHA

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