Effect of dexmedetomidine on miR-144-3p expression and epithelial mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer cells

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gastric cancer cells, and the role of microRNA-144-3p (miR-144-3p) in the process.Methods: The effect of DEX on miRNA expression profile was analyzed using GEO database(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gds/). Human gastric cancer cells were cultured in vitro, and one group of cells was treated with saline for 48 h (control group). Cells treated with DEX at doses of 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 μmol/L for 48 h were marked as low-, medium- and high-DEX concentration groups. The mRNA expression levels of miR-144-3p, ZEB1, E-cadherin and vimentin were determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), while the protein expressions of ZEB1, E-cadherin and vimentin were assayed with Western blotting. Cell proliferation was determined with CCK-8 assay, while metastasis was measured using Transwell assay.Results: The GEO database demonstrated that the expression of miR-144-3p in rat cardiomyocytes was significantly decreased after DEX treatment (p < 0.05). The expression of miR-144-3p was decreased in all groups, when compared to the control group, but the expressions of ZEB1 and vimentin were increased, while that of E-cadherin was down-regulated (p < 0.05). Cell proliferation in the high-DEX concentration group was decreased (p < 0.05). The degrees of cell invasion and migration were increased in the medium- and high-DEX concentration groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion: DEX promotes the metastasis of gastric cancer cells by regulation of epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) and the expression of miR-144-3p. This finding provides a new insight into the treatment of gastric cancer.